PT. I 



44 SYLVICULTURE IN THE TROPICS 



range from 9000 to 13,000 ft. (2700 to nearly 4000 

 metres). 



On Mount Kenia, which like Ruvvenzori lies under 

 the equator, the forests on the south-east and western 

 slopes have been explored. Mr. Hutchins describes those 

 between 6000 and 9000 ft. (1800 to 2700 metres) as 

 practically the same as the Yellow-wood (Podocarpus) 

 forests of South Africa, with the addition of Juniper 

 (J. procera). In the Kenia forests, especially on the 

 south-eastern slopes, the forest is however finer than 

 those of the Cape Colony, the trees are closer and taller, 

 and the shade is dense enough to keep off undergrowth. 

 On the western side, the rainfall being only about two- 

 thirds of that on the eastern, the forest is more open 

 and more interspersed by glades ; it also begins at 1000 

 ft. (300 metres) higher than on the wetter side, while 

 above the tree -forest there is, on the eastern side, a 

 dense and continuous belt of Arundinaria bamboo 

 stretching up to the base of the upper cliffs, which is 

 absent on the western side, or found only in damp 

 ravines or in patches. The variation in rainfall also 

 causes a certain change in the composition of the forest. 

 On the south-east slopes the principal species is Podo- 

 carpus^ milanjianus, with a large Cinnamomum, an 

 Albizzia, Olea laurifolia, Ochna sp., and several un- 

 determined trees ; while on the western side the Juniper 

 takes the lead associated with the above-named Podo- 

 carpus and another of the same genus (P. elongatus), 

 with Olea laurifolia, which is more abundant on this 

 side than the other, and other undetermined trees. 

 Rubber vines (Landolphia Kirkii) are found in small 

 numbers in the warmest parts of the south-eastern 

 forests. 



These descriptions must suffice for tropical Africa. 

 It is only necessary to state that the Juniper, which 

 extends into the Abyssinian highlands, is replaced in 

 the southern portion of this zone by the " M'lanje 

 cedar " (Callitris Whytei). In tropical America l certain 



1 Schimper, op. cit. pp. 743-748. 



