CH. IV 



NURSERIES 



131 



close above ground level, sufficiently far to enable the 

 bullocks in circling round the two cog-wheels to have 

 room, in stepping over the axle, to pass between them 

 and the drum. Iron sakias, which are easier to work, 

 are also made by European manufacturers ; but they 

 should not be used unless the services of a blacksmith 

 are readily obtainable. In Lower Egypt, in the Delta, 

 where the lift is not high, the string of buckets is dis- 

 pensed with. The rim of the drum is made hollow and 



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**-- 



. mi -*.< 



Fig. 26. Charas, Bombay Presidency. 



subdivided into compartments which are filled when the 

 wheel dips into the water, and empty by a side open- 

 ing when each compartment reaches the top. These 

 wheels or drums are of greater diameter than those of 

 ordinary sakias. One sakia is usually considered equal 

 to the task of irrigating about 3 hectares (7 acres). 



Wheels made to lift water by means of the current 

 are not unlike an overshot wheel furnished with paddles. 

 They are made of various diameters according to the 

 height of the lift and strength of the current. One of 

 the features of Verona is the number of these huge 



