160 SYLVICULTURE IN THE TROPICS nn 



The next operation to be described is that of lining. 

 It means marking the places where plants or seeds are 

 to be put in. For broadcast sowing it is of course not 

 required, and it is also sometimes omitted for dibbling 

 in seed, especially on hill-sides ; but where it is desired 

 to have a uniform plantation it is done, as it makes 

 supervision easier and also makes it possible to estimate 

 beforehand how much seed or how many plants will be 

 required. Failures can also be more easily noticed and 

 replaced. When the clearing is done in lines or in 

 patches the lining precedes it, as it also indicates the 

 places which have to be cleared in the middle of which 

 the plants will have to grow. 



The places where the seeds or plants will be put in 



.> i ii 



i < 1 1 1 1 



i. i n ii 

 ii 1 1 ii 1' 



i 1 1 1 1 1 



n ii 

 'i ii 



ii ii 



ii ii 1 



ii ii 



a 



b 



Fig. 50. 



are marked by means of pegs, which are stuck into the 

 earth at regular intervals. There are three chief 

 methods of lining, viz. by squares, by rectangles, and 

 by equilateral triangles. 



In the " square " method the pegs are put in in equi- 

 distant lines, the distances of the pegs on the lines 

 being the same as the distances between the lines. 

 With the "rectangular" method the pegs are again 

 put in in equidistant lines, and they are also equidistant 

 in the lines ; but the distances between the lines are not 

 the same as those between the pegs in the lines they 

 are either greater or smaller, as the case may be. When 

 the pattern is that of equilateral triangles the distance 

 between the lines will be that of the height of the 

 triangle, while in the lines the pegs will be spaced at a 

 distance equal to its sides. In Fig. 50, a, b, and c show 

 respectively the square, rectangular, and equilateral 



