ch.viii REGENERATION BY SEED 217 



methods of uniform fellings might lead one to under- 

 stand that preparatory-, seed-, and after-fellings have 

 the same respective durations, such is by no means 

 always the case. The seed-fellings, more especially, are 

 likely to take longer than the other two, and it is often 

 necessary to keep portions of the area under seed- 

 fellings for a further period until the seedling crop 

 has established itself thoroughly. In the same way 

 preparatory-fellings must not give way too easily in 

 places threatened by invading growths inimical to those 

 which it is desired to rear, and after-fellings must be 

 more gradual over delicate saplings unable to be 

 suddenly exposed to climatic influences or in more 

 exposed situations. 



In the Tropics we have, as yet, nothing to guide us 

 in estimating the time required for making these 

 regeneration fellings. In France they are usually 

 estimated to take about forty years. 



Uniform fellings can only be employed in places 

 where there is a market for all the out-turn from the 

 coupes, and it is for this reason that foresters in the 

 Tropics have been slow to employ them ; for the demand 

 is usually for only a few kinds or classes of timber, and 

 where small wood only is required the woods are 

 coppiced. 



(ii.) Irregular Fellings. These are comprised in 

 the method known to French foresters as the method 

 of Jardinage, a term also adopted by some British 

 foresters, or as the method of Selection-fellings. This 

 method consists in removing single trees here and there 

 as they reach the exploitable size, or are on the decline, 

 or are found to be unsound, and to let the regeneration 

 take place in the gaps made by the felling with the 

 help of seed shed by the adjoining trees. It may also 

 consist in removing trees standing over advance-growth 

 composed of seedlings and saplings of valuable species. 

 Where the tree standing over advance - growth of 

 valuable species belongs itself to a species of no 

 local marketable value, its removal is sometimes 



