23-i 



THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



[Apeil, 



The mere issuance of a patent is no evidence of 

 practical value, nor does it establish the fact that the 

 owner thereof has a rii^ht to use all the features that 

 are described and illustrated therein. It is often the 

 case that all the valuable features in a patent are 

 fully covered by previous patents, so that the owner 

 of the subsequent patent has no right whatever to use 

 the invention which he illustrates without license 

 from the owners of the patents which antedate his. 

 It is a difficult matter to impress these facts upon the 

 public by simple statements, and consequently cases 

 are constantlj' occurring where innocent parties have 

 purchased patents supposed to cover valuable ground, 

 which are not worth the paper they are printed on. 

 To undertake to expose, by sober argument, the wily 

 trickery bj' which artful schemers contrive to swindle 

 the unsuspecting, would possibl}' be a fruitless and 

 thankless labor ; yet, happily, sometimes by fun and 

 broad satire a truth is easily and firmly impressed 

 upon the mind. If any of our readers are saved from 

 imposition by the genial humor of the papers to 

 which we refer, or should chance to agglomerate 

 adipose matter by excessive laughter in the perusal, 

 the object for which they were prepared by their 

 author, will be fully attained. 



Bee-keepers' Association. — At a meeting of bee- 

 keepers, held at Elmira, N. Y., January 11th and 

 13th, a Bee-keepers' Association for the southern tier 

 of couuties in New York and northern tier of counties 

 in Pennsylvania was formed, and the following ofli- 

 cers were elected : 



President — I. V. Mapes, Elmira. 



Secretary — Rowell R. Moss, Elmira. 



Treasurer— Levi Coke, Elmira. 



Board of Managers — Clark Rogers, Alfred Centre, 

 Allegany Co., N. Y. ; J. S. Chase, Whitesville, 

 Allegany Co., N. Y. ; J. H. Hadsell , Breeseport, N. 

 Y. ; G. W. Mead, Kidgebury, Bradford Co., Pa. ; 

 L. B. Crandall, Havana, N. Y. 



Another meeting of the association will be held in 

 Elmira, N. Y., on the 19th and 20th of April. 



THE AET AND MYSTEKY 



Of Patenting New and Useful Inventions, 



EXEMPLIFIED AND ILLUSTRATED 



By H. W. Beadle, 



Solicitor of Patents, Washington, D. (J. 



Patent of John Jones. 



JOHN JONES. 



Letters-Patent, No. 16, 789, 391, February ZUt, 1858. 



Improved Method of Feeding Hogs. 



To all whom it may concern ■ 



Be it known that I, John Jones, of Jonestown, in 

 the County of Jones, and State of Indiana, have in- 

 vented a new and improved Method of Feeding Hogs, 



and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and 

 exact description of the same, re erence being had to 

 the accompanving drawings, and to the letters of ref- 

 erence marlved thereon. 



This invention consists broadly in the employment 

 of the force of gravitation in combination with ahog's 

 esophagus, or its equivalent, for the purpose of re- 

 tarding the movement of food from the face opening 

 to the muscular membranous reservoir, by which 

 means all nutritious qualities are thoroughly ex- 

 tracted. 



Hogs, lilce other mammals, ordinarily eat too 

 rapidly, and tiius fail to derive that, benefltfrom their 

 food, that they would receive, if time should be taken 

 to properly masticate and digest it. 



By means of my invention, however, all oppor- 

 tunity for rapid eatiuir is taken away, as every particle 

 of matter taken into tlie face opening must be swal- 

 lowed in opposition to the force of gravitation. The 

 method of carrying my invention into effect is sub- 

 stantially as follows: 



The relative position of the hog's body is changed 

 during the time of feeding by any suitable means. I 

 preferably sink the trough below tlie surface of the 

 ground in such a manner that the hog is obliged to 

 depress his anterior jjortion before he can partake of 

 his food. 



Fig. 7- John Jones, Feb. 31, ISoS. 



B represents a hog of any proper construction, the 

 internal organs being preferably arranged as usual. 

 A represents the trough, the bottom of which is de- 

 pressed beneath the level of the floor a as shown. 



The operation will be easily understood, by an in- 

 spection of the drawinir. 



In practice, it makes no difference, whether the 

 anterior portion of the body is depressed, or the 

 posterior elevated. The result is similar in either 

 case. 



I do not limit myself to anything in particular, but 

 desire to claim everything in general. 



Having thus fully described my invention, what I 

 claim as new, and desire to secure by letters patent is, 



1st. The force of j^ravitation in combination with a 

 hog's esophagus, or its equivalent, as described. 



2d. A hog in combination with the floor of the pen, 

 when arranged relatively at any suitable incline 

 therefrom, substantially as described. 



3d. A hog anteriorly depressed, or posteriorly 

 elevated, or both, or its equivalent, substantially as 

 described. 



Inventor, 



JouN Jones. 

 Witnesses : 



Andrew Aspur, 

 Barnard Bakely. 



APPLICATION OF JOHN SMITH. 

 petition. 



To the Commissioner of Patents : 



The petition of John Smith, of Smithtown, in the 

 county of Winnebago, and State of Illinois, 



Respectfully repuesents, Th.it your petitioner 

 has invented a new and improved Metuod of Feed- 



