No. 4.] MILK AND CREAM. 361 



Separation by Dilution. — This method has been practised 

 to an extent by those who did not desire to employ ice in 

 large quantities. Deep cans similar to Cooley cans were 

 employed, and the milk diluted with one-half or an equal 

 volume of water, and allowed to stand at ordinary tempera- 

 ture for twelve hours. The skim-milk resulting was found 

 to contain from .70 of 1 per cent to 1 per cent of fat. 



Of late, several so-called " dilution or gravity separators" 

 have been placed upon the market, with the claim that a very 

 thorough separation of fat can be secured. These have been 

 known as Wheeler's Gravity Cream Separator, made by the 

 Gravity Cream Separator Company, Mexico, N. Y., Hunt's 

 Improved Ventilated Cream Separator, made by the Hunt 

 Manufacturing Company, Cato, N. Y., and the Aquatic 

 Cream Separator, made by the Aquatic Cream Separator 

 Company, Watertown, N. Y. "The machines are simply 

 tin cans fitted with upper and lower scale glasses, a faucet at 

 the bottom through which the milk is drawn, and a wire ring 

 at the top for holding a strainer cloth or cloth cover." " The 

 Aquatic separator differs from the others in the fact that the 

 can is of considerably larger diameter and is provided with 

 another smaller can, intended to be filled with ice and in- 

 serted in the large can as a cooler." The milk is mixed with 

 an equal quantity of water and set at ordinary temperature. 

 The circular issued by the Wheeler Company states that 

 "any time after two or three hours, or between milkings, 

 you can draw off the milk and cream." 



The Cornell Experiment Station Bulletin 151 gives con- 

 siderable information concerning these "machines," from 

 which the above is taken. The results of the investigation 

 of the merits of this method of separation, as given in the 

 bulletin, are as follows : — 



" Gravity or dilution separators are merely tin cans in 

 which the separation of cream by gravity process is claimed 

 to be aided by dilution with water. 



" Under ordinary conditions the dilution is of no benefit. 

 It may be of some use when the milk is all from • stripper' 

 cows, or when the temperature of melting ice cannot be 

 secured. (C. U. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 39.) 



" These cans are not ' separators ' in the universally ac- 



