No. 4.] MILK AND CREAM. 367 



Vt., manufacture a machine which is in use by a number of 

 large milk and cream dealers, who claim to be well pleased 

 with its work. Special circulars are issued, explaining the 

 construction and operation of these machines. Those inter- 

 ested in this subject, as well as in the whole subject of milk 

 and cream production, are referred to special modern publi- 

 cations given at the end of this article. 



Marketing of Milk and Cream. 



Milk and cream are now being sold to a considerable ex- 

 tent in glass jars in place of tin cans. Glass certainly pre- 

 sents a more attractive appearance than tin. Each purchaser 

 secures an even quality of milk, as the milk is mixed before 

 the jars are filled, and not again disturbed till opened by the 

 consumer. The cream can also be seen through the glass, 

 and the purchaser feels that he has opportunity to see just 

 what he is buying. It is of the utmost importance, if this 

 method is to be successful, that the jars be kept perfectly clean. 



It is hoped that the time is rapidly approaching when 

 market milk and cream will be sold on a guarantee of quality. 

 As has been already stated, milk will vary in composition 

 from 11.5 to 15 per cent of total solids, and from 3 to 5.5 

 per cent of fat. Cream contains from 15 to 50 per cent of 

 fat. Milk and cream should not only be properly cared for, 

 and placed on the market in an attractive condition, but they 

 should contain a guarantee of total solids and fat. There 

 should be a price for 3 per cent milk and for 4 and 5 per 

 cent milk, as well as for 20, 30 or 40 per cent cream. This 

 is a matter of justice to the honest producer, as well as to the 

 consumer. It is an encouraging sign to note that some of 

 our more representative dairymen are beginning to carry out 

 this idea. 



Modern Books of Reference in Dairying. 



"Milk and its Products," by H. H. Wing, published by 

 the MacMillan Company, New York. 



"American Dairying," by H. B. Gurler, published by 

 Breeder's Gazette Print, Chicago. 



"Modern Dairy Practice," by Grotenfelt <& Woll ; pub- 

 lished by John Wiley & Son, Xew York. 



