pressure from the outside with ;i hard 

 object, and if we imagine this model in- 

 vested with a piece of thin sheet rubber, 

 representing its epidermis, and adher- 

 ing to the clay at every point, it will be 

 seen that this layer must necessarily 

 line every part of the cavity formed, 

 however complex it may be. 



Fig. 8.— Cross-section of the ovary at xy— magnified 

 seventeen diameters. 



From this study it appears that in 

 some cases supposed diffused glands 

 may be merely concealed glands of defi- 

 nite form which are in communication 

 with the surface by definite channels, 

 and the drops of fluid accumulated at 

 the openings of these may serve as 

 guides to the glands within. 



For the American Bee Journal. 



Fertilization in Confinement. 



A. J. HINTZ. 



This seems to be the most important 

 question to the mass of bee-keepers at 

 the present time ; and it may well be, 

 for to successfully breed any thing in 

 its purity, for the best qualities, and to 

 perfection, we must have perfect con- 

 trol over their mating. 



When attending the Convention at 

 Chicago, I was very much interested in 

 the experiments of Prof. Ilasbrouck, 

 and the discussion that followed the 

 reading of his paper, showing the suc- 

 cess of the Professor and others. 



In the summer of 1878 I studied all of 

 the plans and methods on fertilization 

 in confinement, that I could obtain, 

 but none satisfied me, so I invented a 

 plan of my own which I intended to 

 practice during the summer of 1879, 

 but the winter of 1878-9 cleaned out 

 every bee I had (11 colonies), so that 

 stopped me from experimenting, until 



I obtained more, during the last week 

 in June. I then bought one black 

 colony, and early in the fall I found two 

 small colonies in the woods, which L 

 transferred to hives, so I have one 

 strong and two weak colonies. 



Now I will tell you the plans that I 

 am going to try to get my queens purely 

 fertilized. I have been thinking of a 

 wire -screen house about 10x12, 8 feet 

 high, but it would be too costly for ex- 

 perimenting, so I shall get up something 

 cheaper, that will answer the purpose. 

 Take 4 sticks, pointed at one end, 6 feet 

 or more long, drive them into the 

 ground in a square about 4 feet apart 

 one way, fi feet the other, have them all 

 of even height at the top ; these are the 

 posts ; get 4 pieces 4 feet, 4 pieces 6 feet 

 long, 1x2 inches thick; these are the 

 rails or frame pieces ; nail one all around 

 at the top of the posts and one all around 

 a few inches from the bottom, then the 

 frame is complete. Now get 20 or 25 

 yards of sheeting, cut it up into lengths 

 to reach from the bottom of one side, 

 over the top to the bottom on the other 

 side ; then cut off pieces for one and 

 one half ends ; get them sewed together 

 as they ought go on to the frame. 

 Stitch it over the frame and tack it to 

 the bottom rail on each side, do the 

 same with the ends, only leave enough 

 loose at the hinder end to get in and 

 out ; on one-half of the front put one 

 width of screen cloth all the way up 

 and down, then your fertilizing cage is 

 complete. In tacking on the sheeting, 

 put a strip of thick cloth or thin wood 

 over it, to nail through, then the sheet- 

 ing can afterwards be taken off without 

 tearing holes through it. 



When the queen is a few days old, in 

 the evening, take the nucleus or hive 

 where queen and drones arc in. place it 

 in the back end of the fertilizing house, 

 the hive facing the front. Peed them 

 while they remain in there. About 

 noon the next day, if pleasent. open 

 the hive, and the queen if ready for her 

 wedding trip will come out and the 

 drones on the look out will soon follow, 

 and the desired object may lie accom- 

 plished. If not successful the first day 

 try the next, and so on until it is accom- 

 plished. I should not take the hive 

 out until I found the queen laying, if 

 not over six days. 



Another plan is this, which anyone 

 can easily try. if they have a well lighted 

 emptyroomat their command. Darken 

 all the windows, but on one side; put 

 the queen with selected drones together 

 in a cage, leave the cage in the hive 

 where they belong, until mid-day, then 

 get the cage into the room, take it to 

 the corner furthest away from the light. 



