A Bulletin on Orchard Practice 9 



Apples should be thinned so that no two touch. Trees should 

 be pruned so that they can be easily sprayed and cultivated. 

 A new orchard should be set with trees thirty feet apart to 

 allow for passage for the spraying outfit in the future. 



SPRAYING. 



After the Codling Moth has entered the apple spraying 

 does no good. The object of spraying is to provide a coating 

 of poison through which the worm will have to eat its way. 

 Many worms enter where apples touch. If the fruit is thinned 

 so that no two apples touch the worm is more likely to get 

 poisoned. Most of the early worms enter apples at the blos- 

 som end. In order to place poison in the blossom end a spray- 

 ing must be given just after the petals fall and before the 

 calyx cup closes. This will be several weeks before the first 

 worms are hatching but must be given. It is the most import- 

 ant spraying of all. The other sprayings should be given just 

 as the first worms of each brood are hatching. 



HOW TO TIME THE SPRAYINGS. 



The time for the first spraying is definitely fixed. But there 

 is more doubt as to when the other sprayings should be given. 

 The best time for spraying can be easily ascertained by the 

 following simple method. In a quart glass jar place a num- 

 ber of cocoons obtained from the trunk of an infested tree. 

 This jar should have a cloth cover and should be placed in 

 the shade in the orchard. Add ten days to the date when the 

 moths first appeared in the jar, to allow for the hatching of 

 the egg and the date for the second spraying is obtained. Ob- 

 tain some new cocoons a month or so later and rear the moths 

 of the second brood in the same way. The date for the third 

 spraying is thus found. A fourth Spraying should be given 

 one month after the third in the warmer localities. 



WHAT TO SPRAY WITH. 



Lead arsenate is giving better satisfaction than any other 

 substance. Lead arsenate can be obtained on the market most 

 economically as Swift's Arsenate of Lead or as Disparene. 

 Mix two pounds of lead arsenate paste with fifty gallons of 

 water. Give three or four sprayings, which are necessary. 

 One spraying alone will do no good. 



