DICOTYLEDONS: FAG ALES. 669 



Material. Shoots of the willow, some with leaves, some with the catkins 

 (the two kinds of catkins occur on different plants). If material cannot be 

 obtained fresh when wanted for study, the leafy shoots may be preserved 

 dry, and the catkins in alcohol or formalin, or dry. Ripe fruit should 

 also be at hand; this may be preserved dry. 



ORDER FAGALES. 



1160. Lesson VH The oak family (Cupuliferse). A small 

 branch of the red oak (Quercus rubra) is illustrated in fig. 556. 

 This is one of the rarer oaks, and is difficult for the beginner to 



Spray of oak leaves and flowers. Below at right is staminate flower, at left 



aistillat* " 



Fig. 556. 



leaves and flowers. 



Hate flower. 



distinguish from the scarlet oak. The white oak is perhaps in 

 some localities a more convenient species to study. But for the 



