WATEE LILY FAMILY. 51 



£. macrdnthum, Morr. & Decne. Large-flowered B., with similar 

 foliage, has large white flowers with very long-spurred petals. Japan. 

 Several garden varieties are cult. 



5. CAULOPHYLLUM, BLUE COHOSH, PAPPOOSE ROOT. 



(Greek : stem, leaf; the stem seeming to form a stalk for the great 



leaf.) A single species. % 



C. thaUctroides, Michx., with usually only 1 stem-leaf, and that 

 close to the top of the naked stem, and thrice ternate, but, having no 

 common petiole, it looks like 3 leaves ; and there is a larger and more 

 compound radical leaf, with a long petiole. Albumen horny, the in- 

 tegument forming a thin blue pulp. Glabrous (glaucous while young) 

 from thick, knotty, matted rootstocks. In rich woods, commoner W. 



6. JEFFERSONIA, TWINLEAF. (For Thomas Jefferson.) 11 



J. diphylla, I'ers., sometimes called Rheumatism Root. Rich woods, 

 W. and S., sometimes cult. ; the pretty white flower and the leaves both 

 long-.stalked from the ground, appearing in early spring. 



7. PODOPHYLLUM, MAY APPLE, or MANDRAKE. (Greek: 



foot, leaf, the 5-7 -parted leaf likened to a webbed-foot.) (Lessons, Fig. 



326.) 11 



P. peltdtum, Linn. Flower white, Ih' broad ; fruit ovoid, l'-2' long, 

 slightly acid, edible ; but the leaves and long running root-stocks drastic 

 and poisonous. Rich woods, common. 



VI. NYMPHiEACKSl, WATER LILY FAMILY. 



Aquatic, perennial herbs, from strong, horizontal rootstocks, 

 with the leaves which float on the surface of the water or rise 

 above it mostly peltate or roundish heart-shaped (dissected 

 and immersed in No. 1), their margins in- rolled in the bud, 

 long-petioled ; axillary 1-flowered peduncles ; sepals and petals 

 hardly ever 5, the latter usually numerous and imbricated in 

 many rows. The genera differ so widely in their botanical 

 characters that they must be described separately. One of 

 them is the famous Amazon Water Lily, Victoria regia, with 

 floating leaves, 3 feet or more in diameter, and the magnificent 

 flowers almost in proportion ; while the dull flowers of Water- 

 Shield are only half an inch long. 



§ 1. Sepals and petals each 3 or 4. Stamens and pistils IS or less, the latter IS-seeded. 



Flowers small. 



1. CABOMBA. Sepals and petals 3. the latter oval and short-clawed. Stamens 3-6, with 



extrorse anthers. Pistils 2-4, with 3 pendulous ovules. Immersed slender plants, 

 with mostly opposite or verticillate, finely dissected leaves, or a few floating, linear, 

 oblong, and peltate ones. Flowers single, on long axillary peduncles. 



2. BRASENIA. Sepals and petals each 8 or 4, narrow, and much alike, dull purple, linear. 



Stamens 12-18, with innate anthers. Pistils 4-i8, forming indehiscent, l-S-seeded 

 pods. All the parts separate and persistent. Ovules commonly on the dorsal suture. 

 Embryo, etc., as in Water Lily. 



