108 SOAPBERRY FAMILY. 



3. AMPELOPSIS. (Greek: like the vine.) (Lessons, Figs. 93, 94.; 

 Flowers much like Vitis. 



A. quinquef61ia, Michx. Virginia Crkeper, Woodbine. In all low 

 grounds, climbing extensively, sometimes by rootlets as well as by the 

 tendrils ; leaflets 5, digitate, lance-oblong, cut-toothed, changing to crim- 

 son in autumn ; flowers cymose in summer ; berries small, black or bluish. 

 One form does not cling well. 



A. tricuspidata, Sieb. & Zucc. (or A. Vi:iTCHn). Japan Ivy, Boston 

 Ivy. Branching profusely and adhering tenaciously by much-branched 

 tendrils ; leaves very variable, roundish-ovate and crenate-serrate, or 

 cordate, o-lobed or even o-foliolate, shining, thickish, finely colored in 

 autumn ; cymes uuich shorter than petioles, inconspicuous. Japan. A 

 handsome hardy climber for covering walls. 



A. heterophy//a, Sieb. & Zucc. (or Vitis heterophylla). Has the 

 small thin leaves variously 3-5-lobed, often blotched or variegated, slender 

 soft canes, and small, porcelain-blue berries. Hardy N. China and Japan. 

 Does not cling. 



XXXIII. SAPINDACE^, SOAPBEREY FAMILY. 



Trees, shrubs, or one or two herbaceous climbers, mostly 

 with compound or lobed leaves, and unsymmetrical flowers, 

 the stamens sometimes twice as many as the petals or lobes 

 of the calyx, but commonly rather fewer, when of equal num- 

 ber alternate with the petals; these imbricated in the bud, 

 inserted on a disk in the bottom of the calyx and often coherent 

 with it ; ovary 2-3-celled, sometimes 2-3-lobed, with 1-3 (or 

 in Staphylea several) ovules in each cell. A large and diverse 

 order. 



I. SOAPBERRY SUBFAMILY. Flowers often polyg- 

 amous or dioecious, mostly irregular or unsymmetrical, the 

 embryo coiled or curved, without albumen. No stipules. 



* Leaves alternate, twice ternate and cut-toothed. Pod bladdery -inflated. 



1. CARDIOSPEKMUM. Herbs, climbing by hook-like teuclrils in the flower clusters 



Sepals 4, the inner pair larger. Petals 4, each with an appendage on the inner face, 

 that of the two upper large and petal-like, of the two lower crest-like and with a de- 

 flexed spur or process, raised on a claw. Disk irregular, enlarged into two glands, 

 one before each lower petal. Stamens 8, turned towards the upper side of the flower 

 away from the glands, the filaments next to them shorter. Styles or stigmas 3, short ; 

 ovary triangular, 3-celled, with a single ovule rising from the middle of each cell. Pod 

 3-lobed ; seeds bony, globose, with a scale-like heart-shaped aril adherent to the base. 

 • * Leaves alternate, pinnate. 



2. K(ELEEUTEPJA. Small tree. Sepals 5. Petals 3 or 4 (the place of the other.s vacant), 



each with a small, 2-parted, scale-like appendage attached to its claw. Disk enlarging 

 Into a lobe before each petal. Stamens .5-8, declined ; filaments hairy. Style single, 

 slender ; ovary triangular, 8-celled, \vlth a pair of ovules in each cell. Pod bladdery, 

 3-lobed, 3-celled. 



3. XANTHOCERAS. Shrub. Flowers regular. Sepals f) ; petals T>, without a scale. Disk 



cup-like, with 5 curved, spreading horus alternatti with the petals. Stumeus 8. Style 



