ROSE FAMILY. 157 



R. Iticida, Ehrh. Dwarf Wild Rose. Moist places and swamps, 

 N. Y. to Newf. ; has stem from l°-5° high, with stout, more or less 

 hooked spines ; leaflets about 7, rather small, thick and shining, oval or 

 oval-obovate, and coarsely toothed above ; flowers solitary or in loose 

 corymbs, light rose-colored, the calyx lobes hispid and more or less pro- 

 longed, and occasionally notched. 



R. hiimilis. Marsh. In drier soil, and extending farther W. ; lower 

 (lt^_,30)^ -VYith nearly straight spines ; larger and thin dull leaflets ; flowers 

 generally solitary or nearly so, and the outer sepals nearly always 

 lobed. 



R. bl^da. Ait. Early Wild Rose. Rocky banks N. ; l°-3° high, 

 with only straight, weak prickles, or commonly none ; 5-7 oval or cuneate 

 blunt and pale leaflets, sometimes hoary beneath ; large stipules ; 1-3- 

 flowered peduncles, and the sepals hispid but entire ; the hip globular ; 

 flower solitary or corymbose, large, in .spring or early .summer. 



5 2. Brier Roses ; naturalized from Europe, by roadsides and in thickets, 

 or sometimes planted ; flowering in summer. 



R. rubiginosa, Linn. Sweetbrier. Tall, disposed to climb, armed 

 with strong and hooked, and some slender and awl-shaped prickles; the 

 roundish and doubly-serrate small leaflets downy and beset with russet 

 glands beneath, giving the aromatic fragrance ; flowers mostly solitary, 

 pink ; hip pear-shaped, oblong, or obovate, crowned with the calyx lobes. 



/?. carina, Linn. Dog-rose. Roadsides E. ; resembles Sweetbrier, 

 but the leaflets smooth or destitute of aromatic glands and simply serrate ; 

 flowers 3 or 4 together, pink or nearly white ; fruit from nearly globular 

 to oblong-ovate. 



§ 3. Evergreen Roses; naturalized in the Southern States from China; 

 flowering in spring ; the floicers not double. 



R. IcBvigata, Miciix. (or R. SfNiCA of Aiton). Cherokee Rose. Planted 



for garden hedges, etc., also run wild S. ; disposed to climb high, armed 

 with strong hooked prickles, very smooth, with bright green and glossy 

 evergreen leaves of mostly only 8 leaflets, and single flowers at the end 

 of the branches, with bristly calyx cup and large pure-white petals. 

 Occasional in greenhouses X. 



R. bracteata, Wendl. I^kacted Rose. In hedges far S., not common ; 

 has downy branches armed with strong, hooked prickles, 5-9 roundish 

 leaflets, and single large white flowers on very short peduncle, the calyx 

 covered by leafy bracts. 



§ 4. Exotic Garden Roses proper ; from Europe and Asia. Merely the 

 principal types ; the greater part of the modern garden roses much 

 mixed by crossing and changed by variation. 



* Styles united in a column tchirh projects out of the calyx cup. All with 

 long, rambling shoots, or disposed to climb. 



R. sempervirens, Linn. Evergreen Rose, of S. Not hardy or hold- 

 ing its leaves X. ; with coriaceous, bright-green, oblong leaflets, curved 

 prickles, and nearly solitary white flowers, not double. The Avrshire 

 Rose is evidently an offshoot of R. arvensis, a closely related species. 



R. multiflora, Thunb. Many-flowered Rose. A well-known half- 

 climbing species, from Japan and China, hardy in Middle States, with 

 branches, peduncles, and calyx more or less tomentose ; 5 or 7 soft and 

 somewhat rugose leaflets, slender, scattered prickles, and full corymbs of 

 small flowers, white, pale red, or rose-purple, not sweet-scented. The 

 double form is an old garden rose, but the single form is not common. 

 The Polyantha Roses are offshoots of this, chiefly through hybridization 

 with Rosa Indica. 



