232 COMPOSITE FAMILY. 



9. GRINDELIA. {H. Grindel, a Uussian botanist.) Qp. 226.) 



G. squarr6sa, Dunal. Hranchiiig leafy herb, a foot or two high, on 

 prairies from 111., W. ; also cult. Leaves spatulate-oblong, or narrower ; 

 involucre with strongly spreading or squarrose bracts with short-filiform 

 tips ; pappus of 2 or 3 awns. Usually 21. There is a rayless form. 



10. CHRYSOPSIS, GOLDEN ASTER. (Greek: golden appear- 

 ance, from the yellow flowers.) Low herbs, wild chiefly S. and W., in 

 dry and barren or sandy soil ; flowers summer and autumn. 21 



^P' '^ * Leaves and akenes linear or nearly so. 



C. graminifdlia, Nutt. Silvery-silky, with long, lance-linear and grass- 

 like, shilling;, nerved leaves, and single or few heads. Del., S. 



C. falcata, VAX. Only 4'-10' high, woolly, clothed to the top with short 

 and linear, o-nerved, rigid leaves, which are often curved or scythe-shaped ; 

 heads small, corymbed. On the coast from Cape Cod to N. J. 



* * Leaves oblong or lanceolate ; akenes obovate, flattened. 



C. gossypina, Nutt. White-cottony all over (whence the name), with 

 oblong, (ibtuse, rarely toothed leaves, and few pretty large heads. Va., S. 



C. Mariana, Nutt. The commonest species, from L. I., S. ; silky, with 

 long and weak hairs, or smoothish when old, with oblong leaves, and a 

 few corymbed heads on glandular peduncles. 



C. villdsa, Nutt. Coarsely hairy and somewhat hoary, leafy to the 

 top, with corymbed branches bearing single heads on short peduncles, 

 and narrow-oblong leaves. Wis., S. and W. 



11. SOLIDAGO, GOLDEN-ROD. (From Latin: to make whole, 

 from supposed healing qualities.) 11 Characteristic plants of the 

 American autumn. The following .synopsis includes the most impor- 

 tant species. For a fuller account, see the Manual and Chapman's 

 Flora (p. 225). 



* Heads sessile and small, in flat-topped corymbs ; leaves linear. 



S. lanceoldta, Linn. Leaves lance-linear, 3-5-nerved ; rays 15-20. 

 N. and S. 



S. teniuf6lia, Pur.sh. Leaves linear, 1-nerved, dotted ; rays 6-12. 



N. and S. 



♦ * Heads all more or less pediceled, usually larger; leaves usually 



broader. 



1- Scales of involucre with green herbaceous spreading tips. 



S. squarr6sa, Muhl. Leaves large, oblong, or lower ones spatulate- 

 oval : heads numerous, with 12-16 rays. Me., W. and S. 



S. petioldris, Ait. Leaves small, oval or oblong, mucronate ; heads 

 few, in a wand-like raceme or panicle ; rays about 10. 111., S. and W. 



•^ -f- Scales not green, nor conspicuously spreading. 



** Heads in small clusters in the leaf-nxils {or the uppermost sometimes 

 becoming glomerate-spiked) . 



= Akene.'i pubescent. 



S. ceesia, Linn. Stem cylindrical, glaucous; leaves lanceolate, ser- 

 rate, sessile ; clusters very short, in upper axils, .sometimes racemose ou 

 the branches. N. and S. 



