PINE FAMILY. 479 



able for lumber, smooth, greenish bark on young trunks and branches ; 

 pale or glaucous, slender leaves 3'-4' long ; and narrow cones 5'-6' long. 



P. exce/sa, Wall. Buotan or Himalayan White P. Ornamental tree 

 barely hardy far N. ; with the drooping and glaucous-green, slender leaves 

 and the cones nearly twice the length of those of AVhite Pine ; cone 6'-10' 

 long, with large, wedge-like, loosely imbricated scales. 



* * Nut Pines, with leaves, etc., as in the preceding section, but short, 

 thick cones of fewer and thick, pointless scales, and large, hard-shelleil, 

 edible seeds destitute of a wing. 



P. Cembra, Linn. Cembra or Swiss Stone P. of the higher Alps ; 

 small, slow-growing, very hardy, ornamental tree, with green, 4-sided 

 leaves 3'-4' long and much crowded on the erect branches ; cones I'ound- 

 oval, erect, 2' long ; the round seeds as large as peas. 



# * * Pitch Pines and their relatives, with leaves only 2 or 3 in the 

 cluster, scaly-sheathed at the base ; wood resinous. 



-t- Leaves 3 in the cluster. All natives, but the last Californian. 



*+ Cones terminal ,' leaves long and slender. 



P. paliistris, Mill. Long-leaved or Southern Yellow Pine. Lofty, 

 striking tree of pine barrens from S. Va., S. ; with leaves 10'-15' long, 

 very resinous wood, and cones C'-IO' long ; the scales tipped with a re- 

 flexed, short spine. 



•M- •«■ Cones lateral and persistent on the branch long after shedding the 

 seed ; the scales thickened at the end, often tipped with a cusp or spine ; 

 leaves rigid. 



P. Tleda, Linn. Loblolly or Old-field P. Small tree, in light 

 soil, from Del., S., with less resinous wood than the la.st ; dark-green 

 leaves 6'-10' long ; and solitary cones 3'-5' long ; the scales tipped with 

 a short, straight, or incurved spine. 



P. rlgida. Mill. Northern Pitch P. Sandy or thin, rocky soil, 

 abounding along the coast N. and in the upper country S.; a stout tree, 

 with dark-green leaves ?)'-[>' long from short sheatiis ; clustered, ovate- 

 conical cones 2'-3' long ; the scales tipped with a recurved spine or prickle. 

 (Lessons, Figs. 411-413.) 



P. 8er6tina, Michx. Pond P. Small tree in wet ground from N. Car., 

 S. ; with valuele.ss wood ; leaves 4'-8' long, and mostly opposite, round- 

 ovate cones 2'-3' long, their scales tipped with a very small and weak 

 prickle. 



P. ponderbsa, Dougl. Planted from Cal., where it is a characteristic 

 tree, witii heavy wood, deep-green leaves 6'-ll' long, and clustered cones 

 about 3' long, reflexed on a short stalk. 



-^ •«- Leaves only 2 in the sheath (Lessons, Fig. 185), or a few of them 

 sometimes in threes, m,osthj differ. 



++ Scales of the cone tipped icith a distinct beak or prickle, often recurved. 



P. sy/yestris, Linn. Scotch Pine (wrongly called also Scotch Fir). 

 The common Pine of N. Eu. ; middle-sized tree, known by the bluish- 

 white hue of its flat leaves (2'-4' long), reddish bark on the trunk, and 

 narrow, tapering cones ; the scales with tubercle-like tips. Common in 

 cultivation. 



P. montana, Du Roi. The dwarf Mugho Pine, or P. Mugho of nurs- 

 eries, is a native of S. Eu. ; usually a spreading shrub or bushy tree, 

 20-10° high, with stiff leaves 2'-3' long, and smallish, tapering cones with 

 slight points to the scales. 



