SERIES 11. 



FLOVVERLESS OR CRYPTOGAMOUS PLANTS.^ 



Those which fructify without true flowers ; that is, with- 

 out stamens and pistils, and produce spores (simple cells) 

 in place of seeds. 



Class III. ACROGENS. 



The highest class of Flowerless Plants, those with a 

 distinct axis, or stem, growing from the apex, containing 

 woody matter and ducts, and bearing leaves, or something 

 answering to leaves. 



CXXXVII. EaUISETACE^, HORSETAIL FAMILY. 



Perennial plants, rising from creeping rootstocks; the stems 

 mostly hollow, furrowed, many-jointed, with mere scales at 

 the joints united into a sheath in place of leaves ; either 

 simple or with branches in whorls about the joints ; fructifica- 

 tion in terminal cone-like spikes, composed of 5-angled, short- 

 stalked, and shield-shaped scales, each bearing on the under 

 surface about 6 one-celled spore cases. Contains but one 

 genus, Equisetum, the Horsetails or Scouring Rushes, 

 in low places. For the species the student should consult the 

 Manual. (Lessons, Figs. 493-498.) 



CXXXVIII. FILICES, FERN FAMILY. 



Plants with creeping or ascending rootstocks, or even erect 

 trunks, bearing distinct leaves (fronds) on stalks (or stipes) 

 which are rolled up {circinate) in the bud, and bear commonly 



1 The account of the Flowerless Plants in the original edition was prepared by Professor 

 D. 0. Eaton of Tale College. 



