TWO VIEWS OF DEVELOPMENT 423 



They can no longer regenerate complete larvae. Even when several 

 cells are separated off, they are not able to develop into complete 

 larvae. They grow into monstrous forms, which soon die. It is 

 difficult to see why this should be so, unless differential division has 

 occurred. 



An Analogy.— A well-organised body of colonists reaches 

 a new land, which they will develop. Soon after they land 

 they distribute themselves in bands, according to their bent, 

 as hunters, shepherds, fishers, farmers, miners, and so forth. 

 As they possess the new land more and more fully, they segregate 

 more and more, dividing into increasingly specialised bands ; 

 and as these find themselves in appropriate areas they settle 

 down, and they stamp the areas with their particular character. 

 Here a farm arises and there a factory, here a sheep-ranch 

 and there a store, here a mine and there a fishing village. We 

 can quite well understand that certain interpreters or historians 

 would lay emphasis on the fact that, as the emigrant bands 

 journeyed, they segregated persistently into smaller and more 

 specialised groups, according to the old-established — indeed, 

 hereditary — predispositions or qualities of the members com- 

 posing the bands. This is a far-off image of the mosaic theory 

 of development with its hypothesis of differential divisions. { 



On the other hand, we may imagine another well-organised 

 body of colonists reaching another new land, which they will 

 develop. They have a complex organisation with many po- 

 tentialities, and they work best together. It cannot be said 

 that some are preformed to be hunters, others to be shepherds, 

 others to be fishers, others to be farmers, others to be miners, 

 and so on. They begin by marking out the surrounding area 

 into localities, and into each locality a representative band of 

 emigrants proceeds to journey. They divide into homogeneous 

 bands, each with a full representation of the capacities of the 

 original body of colonists. But as they spread they are neces- 

 sarily influenced by the area in which they find themselves, 



