AVKS. 501 



l)le liooked aud with a flat nail at llie tip ; nostrils placed near tlie base, to. 

 wards the upper surface of the bill ; cheeks covered with feathers ; legs short, 

 placed behind the centre of gravity ; wings of medium length, first arid second 

 quills the longest ; feet with three anterior toes, entirely webbed to their 

 points ; hallux free, short, connected in some species by a ruuimentary 

 web. 



Section I. — Hallux without a membrane. 



Anastadorna. — The Sheldrake. Plate xlvii. fig. 1. Described, vol. iii. p. 

 423. 



Ajias Penelope. — The Widgeon. Plate xlvii. fig. i. Described, vol. iii p. 

 423. 



Anas clypeata. — The Shoveler. Plate xlvii. tig. 3. Back bro\vii; abdomen 

 and sides chestnut-bay ; head and upper part of the neck iridescent-black. 

 With green reflections ; lower part of the neck, breast, and scapulars, white ; 

 wing-coverts sky-blue, terminated with white tips which form an oblique 

 stripe across the wings ; bill black, much spread out at the point; inner 

 sides of both mandibles with pectoral margins; irides bright yellow; legs 

 and feet red. Eighteen inches long. Inhabits Europe. 



Section II.— Hind toe furnished with a loose membrane. 



Anas mollisisma.~Thc Eider Duck. Plate xlvii. fig. 2. Described, vol. 

 iii. p. 425. 



Anus clangula.— The Golden-Eye. Plate xlvii. fig. 5. Described, vol. iii. 

 p. 424. 



Genus U.—MEHGUS.—Linnitus. 



Generic Character.— BiW of medium size, or long in some species, slender, 

 shape of an elongated cone, and nearly cylindrical, broad at the base ; point 

 of upper mandible considerably hooked, and provided with a flat nail ; edges 

 of both mandibles furnished with a row of reflected serri ; nostrils lateral, 

 open, situated near the middle of the bill ; legs short, strong, placed far 

 back i feet with three anterior toes webbed to their points ; hallux thick, 

 articulated high on the tarsus, and not resting on the ground ; wings ot me- 

 dium length, first quill the longest of the whole. 



Mergus ?iierganser.—'Vhe Goosander. Plate xlvii. fig. 6. Described, vol. 

 iii. p. 403. 



Gejius 15.— PELECAN US.— X!nBfl;MS. 



Generic Character. — Bill very long, straight, broad, greatly depressed; 

 upper mandible flattened above, terminated by a long hooked nail ; lower 

 mandible formed of two long, slender, flexible branches, united together on. 

 ly at the tip ; intermediate space occupied by a widely dilateable membrane, 

 ous pouch, extending some way down the throat ; upper mandible forms a 

 slight projection, bounded on either side by a narrow groove, in which the 

 nostrils are situated, and so small as to be hardly perceptible; eyes sur. 

 rounded by a naked space ; neck rather long ; legs short, strong ; tibia 

 partly naked in some species ; feet with three anterior tees, and the hallux 

 long, placed on the side of the tixrsus, on a level with the toes, the whole 

 connected by a web and provided with small hooked nails. 



Pelecanus onocrotalus.— The Pelican. Plate xlvii. fig. 7. Described, vol. 

 iii, p. 365. 



