096 



INDKX. 



its own claws when deprived of other 

 lood, ai I n. i the gjarden spider and 

 its nest, 212 ; spiders counterfeit 

 death, in what circumstances, 212 n. ; 

 nieihod of seizing prey, 213; copula- 

 tion of tlie, ib. ; female, egers and 

 young, 2i4; webs spun into thread, 

 215; varieties, jb. ; the gossamer de- 

 ecribed, 215 n. ; the water, 215, 216 ; 

 the bird-catching, I^Ki n.; the branded, 

 ib. ; the tarantula 217—219. 

 Spinous fishes, how distinguished by 

 their gills, iii. 527 ; numerous species, 

 ib. ; systems, 528; Artedi's, ib. ; 

 Linnaeus', ib.; Gouan's, 529; particu- 

 lars of, with descriptions, f.iS— 545 

 and n. ; iniiformity of their descrip. 

 tioD, 545, 516; their bones, 516; pro- 

 portion of, to the fins, ib. ; live but a 

 short time out of water, 547 ; excep- 

 tions, lb. ; passage of some from salt 

 to fresh water, ib. 548 ; some from 

 fresh towards salt to spawn, 548, 549 ; 

 fishes of passage, 549 ; the cod, ib. 

 550 ; haddock and mackarel, 559 and 

 n. ; herring, 551—554 and n.; pilchard, 

 555—558; their immense numbers, 

 558; their numbers in the Indian 

 ocean, 5.59 ; whether they come from 

 the egg perfectly formed, ib. ; white 

 bait, 560 ; impregnation, ib. ; growth, 

 561 ; live on one another, ib. ; the 

 dorado, 562 ; warfare in fresh water, 

 56.'! ; diffidence of fresh water fish, 

 ib. 564; voracity of the pike, 564; 

 torpidity in winter, ib. 565 ; diseases, 

 565 ; poisonous qualities of some, 566 ; 

 how caused, ib. 

 Sponge,the,of the polypus class, account 



of the, iv. 425 n. ; the funnel, ib. n. 

 Spoonbill, the, described, iii. 333, 334 ; 

 country of the, 334 n. ; the European, 

 334 ; the American, ib ; tine colour 

 and uncouth shape, ib. ; habits, 335 

 and n.; food, ib.-, nest and young, 336 ; 

 the white, described, 334 n. ; the 

 roseate, 335 n. 

 ^pnuts, water, one in the Mediterra- 

 nean described by Tournefort, i. 267, 

 26S ; Iheir origin, 269 ; dreaded by 

 mariners, ib. 

 Springbok, a kind of antelope, ii. 50 n.; 

 migrations of the, in immense herds, 

 50—52 n. 

 Spring- water, i. 119; cause of springs, 

 120 n. ; intermitting and reciprocat- 

 ing springs explained and accounted 

 for, ib. ; hot, account of, 122, 123 u. ; 

 at Bath, ib. ; at St Miguel, ib. 

 fipia^ii, a kind of stinkard, described, 



ii. 279. 

 Sijuilla, the, described, iv. 8 n. ; where 



found, ib. 

 Squirrel, an idea of its form, ii. 304 ; 

 the tail and its uses, ib. ; varieties of 

 the, ib. ; the common described, ib. ; 

 the grey Viirgi-.iian, ib.; the Barbary, 



305 ; the Siberian white, ib. ; Carolina 

 black, ib. ; Brazilian, ib. ; that of 

 New Spain, ib. ; its extensive diftu. 

 sion, ib. ; the varieties differ in dis- 

 position and food, ib. ; the common, 

 characteristics of the, .306; agili'v, 

 ib. ; food, ib. ; its nest described, ik 

 provisions of nuts, 307 ; propagation 

 of the, ib. ; watchfulness, ib. ; its 

 nimbleness, ib. ; abode on trees, ib ; 

 migrations of the, in Lapland, 308 ; 

 method of crossing lakes there, ib. ; 

 domesticated, ib. 309; the flying, its 

 class, 309; diflerent species of the, 

 ib. n. ; European flying, where found, 

 ib. ; its habits, ib. ; female's care of 

 the young, ib. ; description of the, 

 and its nature, 309 ; its amazing 

 spring, ib. 310 ; how adapted for it, 

 ib. ; where found, ib. ; tamed, ib. 



Statfa, Sir Joseph Banks' description of, 

 i. 51 n. 



Stag, described, ii. 62; its horns, ib.— 65 ; 

 the rutting season of the, 66 and 68 j 

 size, colour and habits, 67, fiS ; hunt- 

 ing of the, 69 and 69—73 n. ; laws 

 concerning the, 70 — 74 ; descriptifm 

 of a dangerous stag-hunt, 70 n ; de. 

 scription of stag-hunting in England, 

 74—78; hunted in Sicily, 78; in 

 China, 79 ; the Chinese stagdescribed, 

 ib. ; Corsican, 80 ; that of Germany, 

 ib. ; that of Sardinia, ib. ; Asiatic de. 

 scribed, ib. n. ; the American, 80, 81 ; 

 the Russian, 81 n. 



Stagnant water, i. 121 ; how purified, 

 ib. n. 



Stare, or starling, its description, iii. 

 241 ; voice, ib. and n. ; migration and 

 peculiar flight, ib. ; abodes, ib. n. ; 

 the red-winged of America, where 

 found, lb. ; habitudes, 242 n. ; flocks 

 of the, and their enemies, ib. ; re- 

 treats, 243 n. ; benefit from, in des- 

 troying grub worms calculated, ib. 

 244 n. ; peculiar note, 244 u. ; differ, 

 ence of size between male and female, 

 ib. 



Stars, fixed, i. 10 ; falling, what, 266 

 why their causes not ascertained, 

 267 n. 



Star-fish, the, described, iv. 410, 411; 

 (see 411 n.) ; hard substances found 

 in its stomach, 41! ; increases in size, 

 Jb. ; properties, ib. 412; parts of the 

 body described, 412 and u. ; the hairy 

 412 n. 



Statues, ancient models of beauty, i. 329. 



Stature of the body, how affected, i. 

 410 ; varieties of, in different nations, 

 410 n. ; of men not diminished, 426. 



Stewart, Dugald, his account of a boy 

 born blind and deaf, i. 366 — 370 n. 



Stickleback, the, or gasterosteus, des- 

 cribed, iii. 534 ; account of the fifteen- 

 spined, or great, ib. n. ; habits, 535 

 n. ; migrations of the, 558. 



