TESTIMONY OF CHARLES P. CHANDLER. 73 



difference between skimmed milk and pure milk ? A. "Within cer- 

 tain limits ; their senses had not been trained at that time by the 

 experience they have had since ; there is great difference in the 

 senses of persons ; a shepherd knows his sheep, but a stranger would 

 not know them individually. 



Q. Will you take these bottles, or any of them, and pick out 

 those that have skimmed milk ? A. I should have to taste them. 



Q. Do your inspectors report cases where the milk tested is 

 above 100 ? A. I think they have in one or two instances, but they 

 have had their hands full in prosecuting men whose milk stands 

 down at 85 and 86. 



Q. They have paid no attention to skimmed milk dealers ? A. 

 I think there have been one or two prosecuted. 



Q. I ask you as a chemist is it not possible to make an article 

 resembling milk in appearance, which when tested by the lactometer 

 at 60 Fahr., will indicate 100 or more, which will cling to the lac- 

 tometer as milk does, which will be deceptive to all the other senses, 

 including taste, and that article contain no milk? A. I think very 

 probable, very possible, but I never saw such a liquid. 



Q. How can you say that the evidence of the senses enables you 

 or your inspectors to tell whether the fluid tested is milk or not ? 

 A. I do not say that they could do so invariably. 



Q. If an article resembling milk in appearance, tasting and smell- 

 ing like milk, and which tested by the lactometer at 60 Fahr., indi- 

 cated 90, would you give it as your opinion that this article was not 

 pure milk ? 



(Objected to; objection overruled.) 



A. If I found it for sale at a milk depot in New York City I 

 should say it was watered milk ; if I found a quart of it coming from 

 a single cow, under abnormal circumstances, I should say it was 

 abnormal milk, but not watered ; the surroundings would influence 

 my opinion with regard to such a sample. 



Q. Without having regard to the surroundings you could not 

 tell whether it was pure milk or not, could you ? A. All the prob- 

 abilities would be in favor of its being watered milk ; I could not 

 say that you had not hunted up some abnormal cow that gave milk 

 that stood at 90, or made some combination that had all the physi- 

 cal properties of milk. 



