74 TESTIMONY OF CHAELES F. CHANDLER. 



Q. Dr. Chandler, how long has the lactometer been used in this 

 city? A. I think it must have been used in this city thirty or forty 

 years, I don't know but 100. 



Q. How long has it been used by the Board of Health, under 

 your supervision, as a standard of milk ? A. I think it is about 

 two and a half or three years, since we succeeded in getting two 

 officers detailed as milk inspectors, and began a systematic control 

 of milk sold in this city. 



Q. Now, don't you know that within that past two years and a 

 half since the lactometer has been used as a standard test for milk, 

 by the Board of Health, the traffic in skimmed milk has increased 

 fivefold ? A. r do not know it. 



Q. Do you know whether it has increased or not ? A. I do not. 



Q. In case pure milk, standing at the gravity of 105, has its cream 

 removed, that, as you have stated, increases the gravity, does it not? 

 A. It does. 



Q. How much water can the milkman then add to that dimin- 

 ished milk, without bringing it below its original standard ? A. I. 

 presume he can add 10, 12, or 15 per cent, of water ; I do not know 

 exactly how much. 



Q. Then, is it not a sure way for milkmen to escape the test by 

 this instrument to skim the milk and add water? A. No, sir; be- 

 cause the lactometer is used in connection with the senses which 

 distinguish watered and skimmed milk from whole milk. 



Q. Now, Doctor, in the Kneib case, were you not asked the 

 question by me, how many methods of adulteration of milk may be 

 practiced that this instrument will not detect ; and did you not make 

 answer, it will not detect skimming or the addition of water and the 

 simultaneous addition of something such as salt or sugar ? A. I 

 think, very likely. 



Q. Did you make that answer? A. I do not know without look- 

 ing at the question a moment. 



Q. Have you any doubt that you did ? A. If you say that I 

 made those answers 



Q. I say it is in the book ? A. Very good, I admit it. 



Q. Now, you stated yesterday, I believe, that the lactometer 

 does not detect the addition of 16 per cent, of water to good milk ? 

 A. That is a milk which stands 120 011 the lactometer. 



