TESTIMONY OF CHARLES F. CHANDLER. 75 



Q. How much water may be added to milk which stands at 102 ? 

 A. A much smaller quantity. 



Q. How much ? A. I do not know. 



Q. Cannot you calculate ? A. No ; not without considerable 

 difficulty. 



Q. Now, suppose the milk is at a temperature of 80, does not 

 that vitiate the test by the lactometer, unless allowance be made 

 for that? A. The temperatnre of 80 makes the milk lighter. 



Q. Does not that vitiate the test, such a high temperature as 

 that ? A. I do not know how it vitiates the test ; I test a sample of 

 milk and find it is warm and has a certain density. 



Q. If you test the sample of milk which stands' at 80 on the 

 thermometer, and you do not make any allowance for it, is not the 

 test vitiated ? A. If we made no allowance for temperature the test 

 would be vitiated. 



Q. Do not those tables show a great deal of milk tested at 

 temperatures above 80 ? A. Certainly ; because the warm milk was 

 tested by the lactometer and the result recorded ; it was then cooled 

 to 60 and another test made and the result recorded again, if I 

 understand the tables right, and the test at 60 is the one which is 

 averaged and which is considered to be the test of milk. 



Q. Doctor, in the Kneib case, did you not testify in answer to- 

 Mr. Hastings, no temperature to which the milk is likely to be 

 heated would influence the lactometer sufficiently to vitiate our 

 test? A. I think it very possible ; the question of vitiating is a ques- 

 tion which admits of various significations ; when I speak of vitiating 

 the test by not knowing the exact temperature or by the tempera- 

 ture being above 60, I use that language with reference to the 

 object of the test ; if I am endeavoring to determine with absolute 

 accuracy the specific gravity of a sample of milk, I take that specific 

 gravity at a temperature of 60 ; if I am examining a sample of milk 

 with a view to a prosecution for the sale of adulterated milk I may 

 take my observation of the gravity at 80 Fahr. ; the result of that 

 observation may be such as to satisfy me that there is no possibility 

 of that milk standing below 100 when cooled to 60 and therefore I 

 pass it ; the test is not vitiated for that purpose, it would depend 

 therefore on the object of the test whether the making of the test at 

 a temperature of 80 would or not vitiate the result. 



