80 TESTIMONY OF CHAKLES F. CHANDLER. 



whether the best authorities of Europe did not uphold the lacto- 

 meter as used by the Board of Health ? A. I think not ; I know 

 what the question was that was asked me. 



Q. Please state it ? A. It was from my knowledge of the publi- 

 cations and authorities on the subject of the examination of milk, 

 what was the best opinion as to the use of the lactometer for such 

 tests, and I stated that from my knowledge of the literature of this 

 subject that the best opinion was that the lactometer was perfectly 

 reliable when used in connection with the other senses, and limited 

 to such cases as it is limited to in the hands of the inspectors of 

 the Health Department, that is to the cases of milk which stand 

 below 100 on the lactometer. 



Q. That is not responsive to my question ? A. And has the 

 other properties which distinguish it. 



Q. Did you not subsequently give the names of certain books as 

 supporting your opinion ? A. No, sir ; I gave the names of certain 

 books which I had consulted ; I did not say that each one of those 

 books supported verbatim my statements, but they were the books 

 which I had studied to arrive at this best opinion. 



Q. How about Yon Baumhauer as quoted in Watts' Chemical 

 Dictionary, does he support your position? A. There is a partial 

 quotation from Yon Baumhauer in Watts' which is contained in 

 many other quotations, a criticism on the lactometer as a general 

 test for the character of milk of all kinds and under all circum- 

 stances. That criticism is made in the same spirit that my own 

 remarks were made. 



Q. Will you take the second supplement to Watts' Chemical 

 Dictionary, and read the quotation from Yon Baumhauer ? A. 

 " Analysis of Milk, E. H. Yon Baumhauer. Discussions on the 

 several methods hitherto adopted for the analysis of milk. He re- 

 jects as worthless all modes of testing depending on the use of 

 hydrometers, inasmuch as the milk, which is a solution of substan- 

 ces specifically heavier than water, contains in suspension a much 

 lighter body, namely the cream, and consequently exhibits a mean 

 specific gravity, which, after a removal of part of the cream, may be 

 again imparted to the liquid by the addition of water. A further 

 objection to the use of hydrometers for the purpose, is that the ex- 

 pansive co-efficient of milk is unknown, and moreover, is uncertain 



