128 TESTIMONY OF BENJAMIN SILLIMAN. 



water, as to its gravity? A. Cream is so near the density of 

 milk, that in order to reduce the density of milk say from 100 to 

 95 on the lactometer, the volume of cream added must be very 

 large, while the volume of water added would not much if at all 

 exceed the 5 per centum considered. 



Q. Do I understand you to mean that the specific gravity of 

 cream is nearly the same as that of milk ? A. No, but I say there is 

 so little difference. 



Q. What is the specific gravity of cream? A. The specific 

 gravity of cream will depend in a measure upon the specific gravity 

 of the milk from which it is derived, for cream is nothing but milk 

 with an excess of fat. 



Q. Between what figures does the specific gravity of cream range? 

 A. I cannot certainly tell from memory without reference to some 

 authorities upon the subject ? 



Q. Were you present in Court the other day when Professor 

 Chandler demonstrated its specific gravity to be 44 ? 



(Objected to as assuming a fact which does not appear.) 



A. The answer which I was searching for in my own mind was 

 the actual density, which I thought would not be far from 1.015 ; by 

 reference to my table of comparative density I see it is 1.014. 



Q. Water being at the density of 1.000, is that it ? A. Yes, sir. 



Q. Cream would be at a density of 1.014? A. Yes, sir. 



Q. And milk would be at a density of about what ? A. 1.030. 



By ME. PRENTICE Q. If you have a large quantity of cream in 

 the milk on one side, and have a quantity of water in the cream on 

 the other side, is there a difference in color ? A. Yes, sir, 

 there is. 



Q. Is there a difference in consistency ? A. There is. 



By MB. LAWRENCE Q. You say that as to milk containing 

 added cream and milk containing added water, the color would vary, 

 do you not ? A. Not in small quantities. 



Q. Suppose there to be 4 quarts of each, would there be a vari- 

 ance in color ; 4 quarts of the fluid of each kind ? A. You do not 

 understand me ; allow me to make plain my meaning ; I mean that if 

 to a given sample of milk there is added 5 parts by weight, if you 

 please ; if to a given sample of milk there is added a sufficient vol- 

 ume of cream to reduce the specific gravity of the mixture to 95 



