TESTIMONY OF JOSEPH T. O'CONNOB. 155 



Q. What would the difference in appearance be between pure 

 milk and the sample containing the adulteration of 15 per cent, of 

 water; how would you detect it? A. I would detect it by the differ- 

 ence in color ; I could not tell how much, it is impossible to grade it. 



Q. Would it be clearly perceptible ? A. I think it would. 



Q. If you can tell anything about the contents of these bottles 

 by any examination you choose to make, I would like you to do so, 

 and state the difference in the ingredients ? A. Is one of them milk 

 and the other watered milk 15 per cent. ? 



Q. That is what I want you to find out ? 



(Objected to unless the bottles offered by the counsel are milk.) 



Mr. LAWRENCE I have stated that I propose to prove what the 

 fluid is. 



Mr. PRENTICE We are entirely willing that any bottles of sam- 

 ples of pure genuine milk should be submitted to the test. 



By Mr. LAWRENCE Q. In case a person of ordinary intelligence 

 who had been sufficiently instructed in the use of the lactometer to 

 enable him to use it properly used a lactometer which was impro- 

 perly constructed or which contained mechanical defects, would not 

 that mislead him ? A. It would mislead anybody using the lacto- 

 meter who did not know the defects, and only so far as those defects 

 would mislead any one. 



Q. Can a person of ordinary understanding detect whether a 

 lactometer contains mechanical defects V A. For instance mechani- 

 cal defects may be in gradation, and a small degree of difference, could 

 not be told by a person who had not at least some acquaintance 

 with the instrument and its uses ; there are other mechanical de- 

 fects, for instance the vessel in which the liquid is to be put to be 

 tried with the lactometer should give sufficient play between its 

 walls to allow free motion up and down ; things of that kind I think 

 could be told by a person having a certain amount of ordinary gen- 

 eral knowledge. 



Q. Does not the verification or test of the correctness of the 

 lactometer involve a scientific process ? A. It does. 



Q. One of some difficulty, does it not ? A. It is simply a ques- 

 tion of the acuteness of the senses ; it requires some little delicacy 

 to calculate ; that is all that I can see. 



Q. Is that test one that can be applied by anybody ? A. It is 



