162 TESTIMONY OF JOSEPH T. O'CONNOK. 



without the adoption of a standard by which you can compare your 

 analysis. 



Q. Is there not in existence a standard published by Professor 

 Chandler? A. It is not intended for any such purpose ; I do not 

 know that Professor Chandler has set it out for that purpose. 



Q. Do not you know, sir, that in pure milk the quantity of water 

 varies between 84 and 89 per cent. ? A. I know that, and I know 

 more than that, that it varies to the best of my knowledge within 

 less limits than that. 



Q. Are you not near enough with that knowledge to having a 

 standard to state whether analysis would not detect the addition of 

 15 per cent, of water in the milk ? A. No, sir ; I do not think analy- 

 sis would absolutely, within those limits. 



Q. That is the foundation of your views as to the lactometer 

 being the best test, is it not ? A. That I do not think analysis 

 would necessarily show when we have such wide limits. 



Q. I understand you to say, because the quantity of water in 

 normal milk may vary some one or three degrees, the addition of 

 fifteen per cent, of water to the normal milk will not therefore be 

 detected by analysis ? A. If you will allow me to make a little 

 calculation in my head ; fifteen per cent, of water would not be 

 detected by analysis. 



Q. What is the variation of water in pure milk ? A. I can give you 

 the result of my observation and studies ; I should call milk having 

 more than eighty-eight and one-half per cent, pure water in it to a hun- 

 dred parts by weight, I should say that that milk had had added water. 



Q. Have you ever analyzed milk ? A. I have, several times. 



Q. How many ? A. Perhaps twenty. 



Q. Within how long a time ? A. Within six months. 



Q. Why did you analyze it ? A. As a matter of curiosity, and 

 partly as a matter of duty. 



Q. Had you previously tested that milk with the lactometer ? 

 A. Some of it I had. 



Q. As to that milk, did not analysis afford you a more accurate 

 result than the lactometrical test ? A. It did ; because I had a 

 standard for analysis to go by. 



Q. What standard did you go by ? A. I followed the limits as 

 published by the British Society of Analysts. 



