TESTIMONY OF EOBEET OGDEN DOEEMUS. 179 



Honor, a light glass bottle provided with, a glass stopper, which 

 stopper is perforated so that we may fill it to a fraction of a drop ; 

 this at a temperature of 60 Fahr. holds a thousand grains of pure 

 distilled water ; it is known under the name of pycnometer or thou- 

 sand-grained bottle ; with the thousand-grained bottle the milk of 

 this cow, the bob-tailed cow, stood at 1.026.39 on the analysis, the 

 water proved to be 87.57, butter 4.31, caseine and sugar 7.73, the 

 salts 0.54 ; the cow mentioned as Pikery, with the thousand-grained 

 bottles, stood at 1.027.74, the water was 85.39, and the butter 6.27 ; 

 I would ask your Honor to observe how large the amount of butter 

 in this case where the lactometer was low, 6 per cent, of butter ; 

 the caseine and salts was 5.38 and the sugar 3.16 ; the cow called 

 Star, where the gravity was high, 103, it stood at 1.028.24 by the 

 thousand-grained bottle ; the water 85.83, the butter 3.46, the caseine 

 and sugar 9.62, and the salts 0.7 ; the skimmed milk from the bob- 

 tailed cow contained butter to the extent of 0.512; these experi- 

 ments at the farm and in my laboratory demonstrated that the 

 lactometer accompanied by the thermometer affords not a proper 

 indication of the value of milk, for, as you recollect, your Honor and 

 gentlemen of the jury, when we removed the cream the lactometer 

 rises, whereas the milk very rich in cream makes the lactometer to 

 descend. 



By the COUET Q. From your note book you said from the quan- 

 tity or weight of water, as I suppose established by the analysis of 

 one of the cow's milk, taken from one of the cows, was 87.7 or some- 

 thing like that ? A. Yes, sir. 



Q. And that means the weight of water in that cow's milk that 

 was the proportionate weight in the hundredth parts ? A. Yes, 

 sir. 



Q. The weight in the hundred parts of milk as compared with 

 all the other component parts of the milk ? A. Yes, sir ; that is to 

 say, out of 100 grains of milk there would be that proportion of 

 water ; the residue would be the other elements. 



Q. Does it follow therefore that the average specific gravity of 

 milk as shown by experience depends more on the quantity of water 

 it contains ; the weight of water it contains, than any other element, 

 than all the other component parts combined ? A. It does not, 

 your Honor, for the reason that on the examination of pure cream, 



