TESTIMONY OF IIOBEET OGDEN DOBEMUS. 191 



sulphate of lime, or something else, because it dries more readily. 

 In the making, your Honor, of that solidified milk that I first spoke 

 of, in 1854, they found, in order to solidify quickly, they had to add 

 sugar. You will perceive how much quicker the one with the sand 

 has evaporated than the other. That merely dried it ; we may dry it 

 in many ways ; this is but one of the many. I should state to the 

 jury that it requires some little care in the weighing of the milk ; it 

 requires caution and a delicate balance, as any one could comprehend. 

 In reference to drying the first milk, we would suppose it weighed 

 a second time ; it will have lost in weight ; it cannot lose cheese, it 

 cannot lose butter, it cannot lose the sugar, nor can it lose salts by 

 that gentle warmth ; all it can lose is water. Now we have positive 

 knowledge as soon as that is dry, of the exact amount of water ; to 

 make very exact we sometimes weigh it a second, third, or fourth 

 time ; weigh it until it loses no more weight by the application of 

 heat. Our custom is, after we have considered it dry, to place it in 

 a vessel where there is no moist air ; just a little jar where there is 

 some chloride of calcium ; we weigh the original amount of milk ; 

 we weigh the milk when dry, and the loss is water. As soon as this 

 is dried I think it would be interesting if the jurors would notice the 

 time required ; we do not need several days for the analysis, and if 

 we had a dozen or twenty vessels, with a little arrangement for 

 water, we could heat them all at the same time, and thus conduct a 

 whole series of these, as, of course, every chemist knows. Your 

 Honor, we will just now leave it to determine the water ; after that, 

 I will speak of the butter. 



Q. Take the stand again, Doctor. You called attention to the 

 unreliability of the lactometer because of the presence of cream in 

 the milk ; can you call attention to any other cause which leads to 

 the same conclusion, the unreliability of the lactometer ? A. I can 

 do so. Your Honor and gentlemen of the jury will recall that I 

 mentioned one case where we had ninety per cent, and over of water, 

 as yielded by the cow ; a certain variety of cattle may give a low 

 gravity of milk ; this is proven, not only by the analysis which was 

 made perhaps, to refresh the memory, I had better refer to it. No- 

 10, a native cow, there was, your Honor, 90.152 of water; here the 

 low gravity would be accounted for by the cow yielding milk abund- 

 ant in water ; containing more water than the standard that is 



