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for the verification of milk. It can show some frauds, but not 

 all." I read from this dictionary of Profs. Tardieu and Blythe, 

 in which they say in the article on milk, page 385 : " Mr. F. N". 

 McNamara, of Calcutta, published a short time since the 

 interesting analysis of the milk of a little Bengali cow. 

 His results show how constant the composition of milk is. 

 whether obtained from the much prized and well-fed Alderney, 

 or the poor, ill-nourished Bengali cow." This book I have 

 in my hand, is one that gives a most exhaustive treatment 

 of this whole subject. There are no pet theories in it, such 

 as are to be found in Von Baumhauer, but it reviews the 

 whole subject. Christian Miiller's treatise, on page 43, of the 

 edition of 1872, says: "From more than 6,000 samples from 

 Quevenne and Bouchardat, 1.029 appears as the minimum 

 and 1.033 as the maximum. For the hospitals and public insti- 

 tutions in Paris, the minimum is 1.030. From 1842 to 1856 

 there was an earnest inquiry if these figures could be taken for 

 Switzerland. A great many instruments were distributed to 

 obtain the greatest possible number of data both on the mount- 

 ains and in the valleys, and there was a great demand for them ; 

 so that in 1856 already several hundreds of instruments were in 

 use. The fear of the new instruments closed the mouths of the 

 guilty, and it soon became the rule to close the prosecution by 

 1.028. So it was in my laboratory." On page 51, he says, " the 

 proving of the specific gravity of milk by means of the arao- 

 meter answers the purpose, arid for the greatest proportion of 

 cases is sufficient, and in several localities there is no other test." 

 On page 69 he says, " besides, I investigated 286 other cases of 

 market milk. As the average of all tests, I had a number 

 which, was not much greater than 1.031. I found one gravity 

 only under 1.029. This was from a spayed cow ; the milk had 

 a bitter taste." On page 74 he says : " If we go through all 

 Europe, from land to land, from place to place, from dairy to 

 dairy, from alp to alp, with the lactodensimeter in our hand, 

 and mix constantly the milk of various cows together, we shall 

 find that the milk, which is divided as a trade commodity from 

 the physiological milk, ranges from 1.029 to 1.033." 



