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Gentlemen, will you say to the milkmen of New York what 

 standard of milk you will have your children take, and what you 

 will give to the poor, and send to the hospitals. You can fix by 

 your verdict the standard. It is of vast importance that noth- 

 ing should be done to unsettle the standard of pure milk. It is 

 of vast importance that you do not put us all at the mercy of 

 people who are supplying so important an element of health 

 and strength in this community. Now remember commercial 

 milk is mixed milk, it must have an average, and remember, as 

 I said before, that the evidence is uncontradicted in this case 

 that commercial milk, sold in the city of New York, when pure, 

 stands above 100 011 the lactometer. Mr. Doughty says he 

 tested 3,000 samples of this commercial milk we are talking 

 about, and out of those 3,000 of Doughty's tests, out of the 540 

 tests of the Board of Health, out of the 6,000 in Paris, out of the 

 hundreds of those which Miiller tells you of in Switzerland, and 

 those which Smith speaks of, you get an enormous aggregate, 

 and opposed to them you have Dorernus's five or seven strippers 

 and the twelve observations which Professor Doremus himself 

 made, of which seven were in favor of and five against the 

 lactometer. Do you talk about a doubt in this case upon such 

 evidence ? Is it possible to go beyond that ? Now I have 

 shown you what the opposing standard is, based upon those 

 samples of milk that you have here before you. I have shown 

 you what the sample test, applied to Schrumpf's milk, was based 

 upon. I have shown you the accepted standard all over the 

 world, and it has been proved by practical tests, and, I think, 

 also by your own observation during this trial. When, I ask 

 you, gentlemen, when you have been brought in to settle and 

 decide this case and make so important a decision, and when 

 the defence have come in to put their best evidence before you, 

 asking that they shall have an unlicensed liberty of trade, such 

 as is claimed by these distinguished counsel ; when you sit here 

 upon your oaths to decide according to the evidence, to do what 

 is fair, honest, true, and right, if the evidence proposed, upon 

 which the defence intends to rely, is a fraud, if it is unfair, if it 

 is a deception in the face of the Court, I ask you, gentlemen, will 



