PERSONAL APPEARANCES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE. 9 



in the Bosjesman the reverse holds. In fact, in these 

 apes the foot is used largely as a prehensile organ, and 

 the usual mode of progression is, not in the erect posture, 

 but in the semi-erect, or even on all four limbs. 



The erect posture of man largely modifies his form by 

 calling into play certain muscles which become more 

 developed in him than in animals. The muscles of the 

 spine, and all those in front of and behind the thigh which 

 are employed in moving the lower limbs in progression 

 are thus markedly developed, and their development 

 forms an integral part of the contour of the body. But 

 mere muscularity alone does not suffice to conceal the 

 angularities of the bony framework to which the muscles 

 are attached, or at any rate does not lead to the appear- 

 ance of the fine curves and rounded outlines of the 

 human form. All the deficiencies in this respect are 

 supplied by the soft fatty tissue which underlies the skin 

 filling up spaces left between muscles, and concealing 

 bony prominences. There are thus three factors contri- 

 buting to the form of the body bone, muscle, and fat ; 

 and a more detailed description of each of these and of 

 their arrangement is necessary before treating of the 

 modifications they undergo, and the consequent changes 

 in the general form of the body. 



The regions into which the body is divisible are, head, 

 trunk, and extremities. The head, containing the brain 



