PERSONAL APPEARANCES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE. 93 



were first pointed out. Like all generalizations, however, 

 these types or temperaments require to be dealt with 

 liberally in drawing conclusions ; and in the majority of 

 cases, an approximation to the characters can alone be 

 found, and when found are not of much practical value. 

 They are four in number, and the terms denoting them 

 have crept into current use as descriptive of mental as 

 well as bodily qualities, viz., sanguine, lymphatic or 

 phlegmatic, bilious or melancholic, and nervous. 



The sanguine is characterised by healthy vigour, ac- 

 tivity of body, and of mind; with ruddy cheek, well 

 developed muscles which are used with delight. There 

 is a great deal of tone about the tissues, which are well 

 braced up, and the bright aspect of the face is repre- 

 sentative of the hearty condition of the mind, and the 

 cheerfulness with which life is regarded. Reverses do 

 not sadden, nor sorrow damp the brightness of the walk 

 in life. This and more might be said of this happy, 

 healthy condition, which is happy because healthy. The 

 lymphatic person, however, is less carried above his life- 

 conditions. He is pale, and generally fair in feature ; 

 slow, and rather dull in mind. The bilious is typified by 

 dark hair, a thick, dull skin, a sluggish mind, rather easily- 

 provoked temper, and a liability to disorders of digestion 

 which cloud the mind as well as affect the body. The 

 nervous on the other hand is easily roused, constantly 



