CONTENTS 



PAGE 



CHAPTER I. GENERAL INTRODUCTION i 



Introduction of bacteriology into colleges of pharmacy. Relationship of 

 pharmaceutical and medical bacteriology. Reasons why pharmacists should 

 study bacteriology. 



CHAPTER II. HISTORICAL 5 



Introduction. From Hippocrates (300 B. C.) to Leeuwenhoek (1656), the 

 earliest ideas regarding infections, epidemics and spontaneous generation. 

 From Leeuwenhpek (1656) to Schwann (1837), the discovery of micro-organ- 

 isms and the earliest observations regarding their activities. From Schwann 

 (1837) to Pasteur (1862), the earlier investigations pertaining to the relation- 

 ship of micro-organisms to fermentation and to disease. From Pasteur (1862) 

 to Behring (1890), period of remarkable -activity in bacteriological pathology, 

 listerism, antiseptic surgery, etc. From Behring (1890) to Wright (1907), dis- 

 covery of serum therapy, bacterial vaccines and development of utilitarian 

 bacteriology. 



CHAPTER III. THE ORIGIN OF BACTERIA AND OF OTHER MICRO-ORGANISMS . . 22 

 Spontaneous generation. The vitalistic hypothesis. The panspermia theory. 

 The theory of universal evolution. The colloid theory. Other theories. 



CHAPTER IV. GENERAL MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF BACTERIA ... 35 

 Classification of microbes. General morphology. General physiology. 



CHAPTER V. RANGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF BACTERIA 60 



Bacteria of earth, air and water. Bacteria found in animals, in plants, on non- 

 living objects, etc. Altitudinal range. Latitudinal range. 



CHAPTER VI. BACTERIOLOGICAL TECHNIC 63 



Cleaning glassware. Plugging containers with cotton. Filling test-tubes with 

 culture media. Preparation of culture media. Sterilization of culture media. 

 Titrating for reaction of media. Making bacterial cultures. Making bac- 

 terial counts. Preparing bacterial stains. Examining bacteria. 



CHAPTER VII. SYMBIOLOGY . . 119 



Definitions. General introduction to the phenomena of symbiosis. Forms 

 of symbiosis accidental, contingent parasitism, ^commensalism, nutricism, 

 mutualism, individualism, paracytosis, patrocytosis, leucocytosis, compound 

 symbioses. 



CHAPTER VIII. BACTERIA IN THE INDUSTRIES 158 



The function of bacteria in agriculture. Bacteria in milk and in the dairying 

 industry. Bacteria in water supplies. Bacterial pest exterminators. Bac 

 teria in the tanning industry. Rotting bacteria. Cider making. 



