YEASTS AND MOLDS 



297 



genie, although some credit it with being the cause of 

 pellagra. 



c. Aspergillus fumigatus. Said to be the cause of pellagra. 



d. Aspergillus concentricus. Causes ringworm. Common 

 in the Malay peninsula, China and in the Philippines. 

 Limited to tropical countries. 



d. Aspergillus flavus. Pathogenic. Found in chronic dis- 

 charges from ear. 



e. Aspergillus repens. Much as (d). 



FIG. 72. Saccharomyces ellipsoides. Very common in fruit products as jams, jellies, 

 etc. Living yeast cells show budding of cells and vacuoles. Dead yeast cells usually 

 occur singly, the vacuoles are wanting and the cell walls are more distinct, generally due 

 to the absorption of coloring substances from the medium in which they occur. 



f. Aspergillus piclor. Pathogenic. Occurs in Central 

 America, where it causes a mange disease. 



g. Aspergillus oryza. Nonpathogenic. Cultures of this 

 \ fungus are used in the manufacture of sake" (Chinese and 



Japanese rice wine). The fungus growing and feeding 

 upon the steamed rice grains converts the starch into 

 saccharine substances whi,ch are then acted upon by the 

 yeast ferment. 



III. Hyphomycetes. Systematic position of the pathogenic members 



not well denned. Life history not yet fully worked out. 



i. Discomyces bovis. ( Actinomyces) . The so-called ray fungus 



which causes the condition in cattle known as actinomycosis, a disease 



which can be transmitted to man. 



