220 PHILOSOPHY OF ZOOLOGY. 



have evidence of a peregrine falcon, which was lost in the 

 month of March, recognizing its master, when retaken in 

 the end of September. Indeed in all those animals which 

 arc capable of being tamed, there must exist this faculty to 

 enable them to recognize former sensations. 



The memory, in the lower animals, likewise performs its 

 operations in the same manner as with us, by the help of 

 what is termed the Association of Ideas. Thus we have 



clinging to the branch of a tree under which he was passing. When the 

 elephant had got rid of his driver, he soon contrived to shake off' his load. 

 As soon as he ran away, a trained female was dispatched after him, but 

 could not get up in time to prevent his escape. She, however, brought back 

 his driver, and the load he had thrown off, and we proceeded, without any 

 hope of ever seeing him again. Eighteen months after this, when a herd of 

 elephants had been taken, and had remained several days in the inclosure,, 

 till they were enticed into the outlet, there tied, and led out in the usual 

 manner, one of the drivers, viewing a male elephant very attentively, de- 

 clared he resembled the one which had run away. This excited the curio, 

 sity of every one to go and look at him ; but, when any person came near, 

 the animal struck at him with his trunk ; and, in every respect, appeared as 

 wild and outrageous as any of the other elephants. At length, an old, bun.- 

 ter, coming up and examining him narrowly, declared he was the very ele- 

 phant that had made his escape about eighteen months before. Confident 

 of this, he boldly rode up to him, on a tame elephant, and ordered him to 

 lie down, pulling him by the ear at the same time. The animal seemed 

 quite taken by surprise, and instantly obeyed the word of command, with as 

 much quickness as the ropes with which he was tied permitted ; uttering, at 

 the same time, a peculiar shrill squeak, through his trunk, as he had for- 

 merly been known to do ; by which he was immediately recognized by every 

 person who had ever been acquainted with this peculiarity." Phil. Trans. 

 1799, p. 40. The same observer furnishes satisfactory evidence that an- 

 other elephant, a female, taken in 1765, and which was turned loose in 

 1767, when retaken in 1782, recollected the customs of her former bondage, 

 and lay down at the command of her driver. " He fed her from his seat ; 

 gave her his stick to hold, which she took with her trunk, and put into 

 her mouth, kept, and returned it, as she was directed, and as she formerly 

 hud been accustomed to do." Ibid. 



