FACULTIES OF THE MIND. 248 



which have hitherto been termed Active. The propriety 

 of restricting the term Instinct, in the manner now done, 

 will be rendered evident, in our enumeration of Instincts 

 or Active Powers. 



In attending to our instinctive powers, we shall follow 

 the ordinary division into Appetites, Desires, and Affec- 

 tions. These include all the active principles, whose origin 

 cannot be traced to those intellectual powers, or their re- 

 sults, which we have already enumerated. 



APPETITES. 



The instinctive powers termed Appetites, are essentially 

 requisite for the subsistence of the individual and the con- 

 tinuation of the race. They excite to action at particular 

 periods, are preceded by an uneasy feeling, yield much 

 comfort during their gratification, and cease to act when 

 the object has been attained. They may be regarded as 

 three in number. Food, Rest, and Procreation. 



1. Appetite for Food. As the different parts of the body, 

 from the moment of birth to the close of existence, stand 

 in need of frequent repair ; and as nourishment for this 

 purpose is indispensably necessary, animals are not left to 

 obtain a knowledge of these circumstances from observa- 

 tion, nor to supply their wants by the dictates of experi- 

 ence. They are impelled by feelings which arise at the 

 suitable periods, to exert themselves to employ their pecu- 

 liar organs in the most advantageous manner. This ap- 

 petite, therefore, begins to act at birth, and, during the con- 

 tinuance of life, executes its movements nearly on a uni- 

 form plan. 



Among the greater number of animals, the appetite for 

 food is directed in every period to nearly the same sub- 



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