394 PHILOSOPHY OF ZOOLOGY. 



(B.) Head armed with spines. 



118. PERCA. Gape wide. Ventrals thoracic. 1. Perca 

 (Jluviatilis). 2. Centropomus (P. nilotica). 3. Enoplo- 

 sus (Chcetodon armatus). 4. Prochilus (Sciana macro- 

 lepidota). 5. Lucioperca (L. vulgaris). 6. Terapon 

 (Hocentrus servus). 7. Apogon (Mullus imberbis). 



119. SCI/ENA. Nasal and suborbitar bones swollen and 

 cavernous. 1. Cingla (Perca>zingel). 2. Umbrina (S. 

 cirrhosa). 3. Lonchurus L. barbatus). 4. Sciaena (S. 

 umbra). 



The following genera likewise belong to this group: 

 120. Pogonias (P. fasciatus). 121. Otolithes (Johnius 

 ruber). 122. Ancylodon (Lonchurus ancylodori). 123. 

 Percis (Sciana cylindrica). 124. Trachinus (T. draco). 



c. Head armed with a coat of mail, by the extension and 

 hardness of the suborbitar bones. 



125. URANOSCOPUS. Head nearly cubical, and the 

 eyes with a dorsal aspect. U. scaber. 



126. TRIGLA. This genus has been subdivided. 1. 

 Trigla (T. hirundo). 2. Peristedion (T. cataphracta) . 

 3. Dactylopterus (T. volitans). 4. Cephalacanthus (Gas- 

 terosteus spinarilld). 



The following genera belong to this group : 127. Mo- 

 NOCENTRIS (M. carinata). 128. COTTUS. 1. Cottus (C. 

 gobio). 2. Aspidophorus (Cottus cataphractus). 3. Pla- 

 tycephalus (P. spalula). 



d. Skin smooth, bones soft, and the pectoral fins sup- 

 ported on stalks. Gill openings small behind the pectorals. 



129- LOPHIUS. 1. Lophius (L. Piscatoritts). 2. An- 

 tennarius (L. histrio). 3. Malthe (L. vespertilio). 



(V.) Scomberoidae. Scales small, often scarcely percep- 

 tible, unless at the extremity of the lateral line, where they 

 sometimes form a ridge. In other cases, this ridge is form- 



