470 



LIVER. 



[CHAP.XXXIIl. 



applied, as it were, to the exterior of their capsules, and give off 

 much smaller twigs on either side, which perforate the capsules, 

 and become connected with the cells in the manner presently to 

 be described. 



Parietal Sacculi and Appendages of the Ducts. In ducts of 

 about the j-^- of an inch in diameter, and larger, there are 

 many little saccular dilatations situated in the coats. These 

 are the so-called glands of the ducts, and in the pig, and most 

 other animals which we have examined, are arranged all round 

 the tube. Dr. Beale, who has examined them with great care, 

 describes them as, for the most part, simple oval pouches, con- 

 nected with the cavity of the duct by a very narrow neck, often 

 not the 3~oVo f an ^ ncn i* 1 diameter. In the larger ducts, they 

 are branched, and often run for some distance in the coats. Occa- 

 sionally, the branches of one gland anastomose with those of 

 another. The largest are singularly complicated, and project some 

 distance from the duct lying in the areolar tissue which surrounds 

 it. Fig. 224. 



In the human subject, a different arrangement occurs. Instead 

 of being situated entirely round the tube, the openings form two 

 rows or lines situated upon opposite sides of the ducts. The 

 greater number of these openings are, however, the orifices, not 

 of sacculi, but of small irregular tubes, which run obliquely for 

 some distance in the coats of the duct and anastomose ; some of 



Fig. 224. 



o. Portion of a large duct of the pig, injected with vermilion, showing the large cavities or glands in 

 the coats of the ducts. The largest and most complicated are represented at c, just at the point where a 

 smaller branch is coming- off from the trunk of the duct. b. A small branch without glands. Magni- 

 fied about ten diameters. From a drawing by Dr. Beale. 



