484 THE FOWLER IN IRELAND. 



up and down in different positions. Next form a 

 paper funnel, this time on a mould ^in. larger than 

 the bore of gun, and with paper twice as stout as 

 used for shot. Having turned in and sealed the 

 base, drop the powder-cartridge into it and fasten 

 all off as if for shot, of course leaving out the wad. 

 When charging gun or case, cut the string of the 

 outer covering, strip its paper off, and the powder is 

 at hand in its thin cover. If the outer covering is 

 well secured and varnished, the powder-case may be 

 carried in a damp pocket all day (as I have tried) 

 without harm to its contents. The cartridge can 

 (being coarse the grain won't run out) be pricked, 

 when loading, opposite the ignition ; but I never 

 found it requisite to do so. For muzzle or breech- 

 loading swivel-guns these cartridges are most useful, 

 as no measures are needed at the time of charging, 

 and the powder and shot can be kept in safety 

 ready made up in an ammunition-box. As to 

 taking a little time to make, why all such gunning 

 necessaries should be seen to at leisure, and not at 

 the moment they are likely to be wanted. 



ON CLEANING AND PRESERVING GUNS, LARGE 

 AND SMALL. 



There are a hundred receipts that might be given 

 for this purpose, one nearly as good as another. I 

 will shortly state what I have found to answer, 

 especially with regard to salt water. 



i st. To keep a gun clean when laid by and not 

 daily inspected : Cover barrels outside with an 



