146 ^Appendix. 



fifteen or twenty. The bodies had been doubled up, as on the 

 plains, and wrapped in many folds of cotton, some of this striped 

 and colored. It seemed that they had been in the habit of 

 opening these tombs and re-wrapping the bodies of their friends 

 in new cloths, while the faces had often been painted red, as if 

 the living had tried to make them look better. They were buried, 

 men, women, and children, indiscriminately, each with their 

 peculiar arms or implements. The women usually had boxes 

 with balls of yarn, and needles of the spines of agave, or of 

 bronze, with bits of half-woven or netted cloth ; while the men 

 had slings for slinging stones, about their necks or in their hands, 

 while we found one or two with dents in their skulls, evidently 

 made by stones slung, that caused their death. The men also 

 generally wore about the loins a leather dress, with a pocket, in 

 which was usually found a little gourd of quicklime, for using 

 with the coca, while a cotton bag at the side contained a supply 

 of coca leaves. The little boys had small slings about their 

 necks, while the girls had miniature needles and work-baskets. 

 One little child, buried in its mother's arms, was wrapped entirely 

 in cotton, and there were many other proofs of the care with 

 which the dead were treated in those days. 



The most of these vaults, as well as those in the plains below, 

 have been broken into by the Spanish and present Peruvians, in 

 the search after valuables. They call this old people " infieles " 

 heathen and do not consider their graves worthy of respect, 

 though they are descended from them in part ; and they heap out 

 these remains by the hundreds, and allow them to whiten in the 

 sun and wind. 



There is a place near Lima where one passes for half a mile 

 through arms and legs and trunks, and grinning heads covered 

 with hair, that have been heaped out in this way ; one of the 

 most horrid sights one can imagine. Many of the heads of these 

 people have been pressed out of shape, ordinarily, as it seems, 

 by pressing upon the forehead and the base of the skull behind, 

 giving the head a wedge shape. In many cases the brain was 

 crowded out over one or the other ear, giving the skull a curious 



