154 THE VINEYARD. [FEB. 



the pulp of the peach, they will let it fall out of their mouths, and 

 content themselves with the kernel, which they like better ; and thus 

 the curculio escaping from their jaws, may hide under ground until 

 next spring. 



"A young orchard should not be planted in the place of, or adja- 

 cent to an old one, that it may not be immediately infested with the 

 curculio. 



"It is also apparent from what has been said, that great advantages 

 might result from an association or combination of whole neighbor- 

 hoods against this common enemy. Although an intelligent farmer 

 may accomplish much, by due attention, within his own territory, 

 $he total extermination of the curculio can hardly be expected but 

 by the concurrent efforts of whole districts." 



For further particulars respecting fruit-trees, see the article Orchard 

 in March. 



THE VINEYARD. 



To the preparatory and other necessary work, recommended in 

 January, to be done in the vineyard, page 60, I again call your par- 

 ticular attention ; if it is put off till March, you will then find the 

 consequent embarrassment of such neglect ; therefore let every pre- 

 paration be made in this, as well as the last month, that the season 

 will admit of. 



The beginning of this month will be a good time to cart manure 

 into the vineyard; laying it down in the most elevated places possible 

 for the ease of wheeling it on barrows down among the rows of vines; 

 this ought to be perfectly rotted, and of a quality suited to the nature 

 of the soil ; well rotted cow-dung is the best manure for ground of a 

 very hot nature, but, if very cold or stiff, which ought to be as much 

 avoided as possible in the planting of a vineyard, it may be improved 

 by well rotted horse-dung or street dirt ; when these cannot be had, 

 any kind of well incorporated rich compost or other manure may be 

 used. 



If the vineyard be on the declivity of a hill, and your vines are 

 not more than one, two, or three years old, scatter a good shovelful 

 or two of this manure principally on the upper side of each plant, 

 observing that none of it reaches within six inches of the stem ; for 

 if placed close thereto, slugs, worms, and the embryos of various in- 

 sects, so frequently found in dung and other manure, would take 

 shelter about the stock, penetrate down along its roots, and might 

 materially injure it at a future period. But when these are exposed, 

 without the advantage of this protection, to the severe frosts of the 

 season, the greater number of them will be destroyed thereby. 



The manure so placed, its nutritive parts will be washed down by 

 rains, and the whole, by the necessary culture, will ultimately be 

 brought to the roots of the plants. When the vineyard happens to 



