MARCH] 



THE NURSERY. 



303 



in six or seven months, if laid in spring; by far the greater number 

 in one year, and by others, not in less than two or three. 



Tonguing or twisting the layers, &c., is necessary for such kinds 

 as do not strike freely, but not for those that do. 



All kinds of seedlings should be transplanted in spring, the de- 

 ciduous earlier than the evergreens. 



October or November is the best time for the final transplanting 

 of all kinds of hardy deciduous trees, if the ground in which they 

 are to be planted is dry, and not subject to become too wet in winter; 

 but early spring planting does best in most soils. 



Evergreens of every kind succeed best when planted in spring, 

 provided it be done to each respective kind immediately before its 

 vegetation commences. 



Watering is very useful when given in small quantities and fre- 

 quently; but the reverse when in large quantities, and but seldom. 



Every kind of tree, whether deciduous or evergreen, grows to a 

 larger size when finally planted out at the age of four years, having 

 remained one or two in the seed-bed, and two or three in the nursery- 

 rows, than at any other subsequent period. 



Walnuts, oaks, and every other tree that has a tendency to drive 

 down perpendicular or to tap roots, always grow to larger timber when 

 the seeds are sown where intended to remain, and never transplanted. 



PROTECTING TREES FROM CATTLE. 



The beauty of individual specimens, as well as groups of trees, is 

 often marred, to a great extent, by the means employed to protect 

 them from cattle. None of these 

 are more objectionable than the p. 29 



abomination termed a crate. Where 

 such heavy-looking and unsightly 

 objects are thickly placed, as they 

 often are, the effect is disagreeable 

 in the extreme; as they have to be 

 endured for years, any substitute 

 that will afford equal protection with- 

 out their objectionable appearance, 

 should be readily adopted. 



The accompanying sketch illus- 

 trates a contrivance which combines 

 both support and protection from 

 cattle, and is also neat in appear- 

 ance. This fence by being entirely 

 below the eye, is very little seen, 

 and the supports of the tree, being 

 of wire, are scarcely to be distin- 

 guished, except upon close exami- 

 nation. If the whole were of iron, 

 it would, of course, be still less ob- 

 jectionable, on the score of appear- 

 ance. The uprights of the fence, 



