SEPT.] THE KITCHEN GARDEN. 503 



If the plants should happen to be late and of a weakly growth, 

 when you are planting them into frames in the latter end of Octo- 

 ber, let a trench be dug about ten inches deep in a dry, warm, and 

 well sheltered situation, the breadth of a frame and the length of 

 one, two, or more, according to the quantity of plants ; then fill it 

 in with new horse-dung to the height of eighteen inches from the 

 bottom, and set on the frame j earth the bed over five or six inches 

 deep with rich earth, and set the plants in rows three inches apart 

 every way, immediately give them a moderate watering and place 

 on the glasses ; observing to leave them open about four or five inches 

 at top that the steam may pass away. 



It will also be proper to lay a mat over the glasses in sunny wea- 

 ther till the plants have taken fresh root ; after which the lights must 

 be totally taken off by day till the weather becomes too severe, and 

 every advantage must subsequently be taken to give the plants as 

 much air as possible, consistent with their preservation. 



The plants, with the assistance of this slight bottom heat, will soon 

 take root and be greatly forwarded thereby, so as to acquire a due 

 degree of strength before the setting in of very severe weather. 



Note. Late sown cabbage plants would be greatly benefited by 

 treating them as directed above for cauliflowers. 



LATE CAULIFLOWERS AND BROCCOLI. 



If the weather should prove dry, give occasional waterings to the 

 crops of late cauliflowers and broccoli which you expect to flower in 

 October, &c., otherwise the heads will be small, especially if the ground 

 is naturally dry. 



SOWING WELSH ONION SEED. 



Sow some Welsh onion seed for early spring salad, &c. This kind 

 never bulbs and is very hardy ; for although the tops will sometimes 

 die down in winter, yet the roots will continue sound, and push up 

 new leaves on the eve of the first spring vegetation. 



It will be necessary to sow this seed in the first week of the month 

 on beds of light rich ground, in a warm exposure, and afterwards to 

 keep the rising plants perfectly free from weeds. 



MUSHROOMS. 



This is a proper time to prepare for making beds, in which to cul- 

 tivate the Agaricus campestris, Champignon, or common mushroom. 

 Of two hundred and thirteen species of agaricus, enumerated by Dr. 

 Withering, this is the only one selected for cultivating in gardens. 

 The gills of this are loose, of a pinky red, changing to liver color, in 

 contact but not united with the stem ; very thick set, some forked 

 next the stem, some next the edge of the cap, some at both ends ; 

 and generally in that case excluding the intermediate smaller gills. 

 Cap, white, changing to brown when old, and becoming scurfy, fleshy, 

 and regularly convex, but with age flat, and liquefying in decay; 



