584 THE FRUIT GARDEN. [NOV. 



SOUTHERN STATES. 



Transplant finally cabbage and cauliflower plants, but where the 

 winter frosts are rather severe, the latter will want occasional protec- 

 tion of some sort ; plant early Mazagan, Windsor, and long-pod beans, 

 and sow a succession crop of early peas ; earth up your advancing 

 crop of the cabbage tribe, celery, and cardoons, blanch endive, sow 

 spinage, radish, lettuce, and likewise small salading of every kind on 

 warm borders; the latter will require the protection of a frame and 

 glasses in cold or frosty weather. 



THE FRUIT GARDEN. 



PLANTING ESPALIER AND WALL TREES, ETC. 



In the early part of this month, plant apple, pear, quince, plum, 

 cherry, peach, nectarine, almond and apricot -trees, either for espa- 

 liers against walls, or for half or whole standards ; observing that the 

 ground in which you plant at this season lies perfectly dry during 

 winter. (For further particulars, see the Fruit Garden for last 

 month, page 547, and also page 229.) 



GOOSEBERRIES AND CURRANTS. 



This is a very suitable and proper season for the planting and 

 pruning of gooseberries and currants ; but for particulars I refer you 

 to pages 548 and 549. 



Cuttings of either kind may now be planted as directed on page 

 306, but they must be stout and pretty long, so as to be planted about 

 ten inches deep, or the frost during winter will be very apt to throw 

 them out of the ground. 



Gooseberry seed may now be sown as directed on page 549, with 

 a view to obtain new varieties. Currants and raspberries may in 

 like manner be raised from seed, and improved sorts obtained thereby. 



RASPBERRIES. 



As long as the weather continues open you may transplant and 

 make new plantations of raspberries ; but the earlier in the month 

 that this can be done the better, especially if you have to transplant 

 the Antwerp varieties. (For further information on the subject of 

 planting and pruning raspberries, see page 550, &c.) 



The red and white Antwerp kinds are excellent fruit, and less 

 hardy than the other varieties ; consequently, it will be necessary, in 

 the eastern and middle States, to lay down the young shoots of the 

 present season immediately previous to the commencement of hard 

 frost, first cutting off close to the ground the shoots which had borne 



