586 - THE ORCHARD. THE VINEYARD. [NOV. 



THE ORCHARD. 



PLANTING, ETC. 



This being an eligible period for the planting of orchards on dry 

 ground, and indeed they never should be planted on a cold, wet, or 

 swampy soil, I refer you to the article Orchard in March, where 

 you will find ample instructions respecting the extent, aspect, situa- 

 tion and soil, the preparation of the ground, the choice of trees and 

 method of planting, &c., all of which are equally applicable in this 

 month as in that, and a reference thereto will, at present, supersede 

 the necessity of a repetition. 



Apples, pears, quinces, plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apri- 

 cots, and almonds may now be planted ; also, walnuts, chestnuts, fil- 

 berts, persimmons, berberries, medlars, and every other kind of hardy 

 fruit-trees, agreeably to the directions given in March. 



PRUNING. 



As you may now commence the pruning of apple and pear-trees, 

 &c., I would strongly recommend to your perusal at this time, the 

 entire of the article Orchard in January, beginning at page 56, and 

 also the same article in February, page 149, &c. 



Old fruit-trees having scaly, rough bark, should in this month, if 

 not done in the former, be brushed over with a mixture of cow-dung 

 and urine, as directed on page 553. 



THE VINEYARD. 



PRUNING OP VINES. 



The pruning of grape-vines at this season, will answer extremely 

 well in the southern States, and ought to be duly attended to ; but 

 the severity of the frosts in the middle and eastern States, renders 

 it more prudent to defer this work to the latter end of February, or 

 if the season proves late, the first week in March ; but upon no ac- 

 count should you delay it longer : indeed, upon the whole, the late 

 February pruning will be the safest. In the city and neighborhood 

 of Philadelphia, vines that were pruned on the first and second days 

 of March, 1805, wept copiously a few days after, but some cold 

 weather ensuing, they stopped bleeding ; this shows the necessity of 

 pruning in February, especially in warm situations or exposures. 



Those who prefer pruning their vines at this time, as well as those 

 who from the temperateness of their climate ought to do it, will find 

 the necessary instructions on page 155, &c. 



