56 KITCHEN-GARDENING. 



globular part. They are much more hardy than Turnips. In 

 England the bulbs often grow to upwards of twenty inches in 

 circumference, and weigh from ten to twelve pounds. They 

 are cultivated for the feeding of cows and sheep, as well as 

 for table use. In either case, they are treated like Cabbage, or 

 sowed like Turnips, and afterwards thinned to proper dis- 

 tances. 



The Brassica Napus, or Turnip-rooted Cabbage, has an 

 oblong thick root in the form of a winter Radish. It is ex- 

 tremely hardy, and will survive very hard frosts. The seed 

 should be sown in rich ground, and treated in every respect as 

 Turnips, observing to thin the plants with a hoe to the distance 

 of sixteen inches apart. Their roots will be much larger and 

 better when treated in this way than if transplanted. 



The Brassica Napus, variety esculenta, is sometimes cultivated 

 as a salad herb. It is held in great esteem by the French as a 

 culinary vegetable, and is called the Navet, or French Turnip. 

 In France, as well as in Germany, few great dinners are served 

 up without it in some shape or other. 



HOW TO KEEP CABBAGES. 



As numerous species of insects attack plants of the Brassica 

 or Cabbage tribe in every stage of their growth, great caution 

 is necessary in their cultivation. For a prevention to the at- 

 tacks of fleas or flies, see page 29 of the General Remarks. 

 Perhaps the most effectual way of saving plants from grub- 

 worms, is not to transplant any during the month of June. 

 Seed-beds are very seldom attacked; but if they should be, 

 they may be protected by digging trenches around them, and 

 throwing in lime, salt, or ashes, sufficient to prevent the ingress 

 of the worms. If seed of the various kinds be sown at the 

 times recommended, the early varieties will be so far advanced 

 in growth before the grub-worms prevail, as to be out of their 

 reach ; and by the time the late-sown plants are ready to trans- 

 plant, the worms will be harmless, because they turn grey 



