26 THE VINEYARD. [MARCH. 



would greatly retard their rooting ; placing one or two strong tall 

 stakes to each tree ; but in large trees, the most effectual method 

 is to have three stakes to each, placed in a triangle, meeting at top 

 near the head of the tree, wrapping a hay-band round that part of 

 the stem, to prevent its being barked by the stakes, or tying ; then 

 tie the stakes at top, close to the tree, with some proper bandage, 

 bringing it close about the stem and stakes together, over the hay- 

 wrapping, to secure the tree firmly in an erect posture. 



If your young Orchard is laid down with grass, no cattle should 

 be turned into it to graze at large ; unless each tree is previously 

 wtll secured with posts and railing, otherwise they will bark the 

 trees to their very great injury, and eat off the tops of such of their 

 young shoots as they can reach ; nor should large cattle be turned 

 into any Orchards where the branches of the trees are yet low, and 

 within their reach. 



Where great quanties of fruit are wanted, large avenues of apple, 

 pear, peach and cherry trees, &c. may be extended across neigh- 

 bouring fields, which, will render them pleasant, and produce abun- 

 dance of fruit ; or there may be single rows planted to surround 

 fields, &c. which will be found extremely profitable, if in an honest 

 neighbourhood. 



You may now plant the boundaries of large Orchards with 

 English walnuts and Spanish chesnuts ; these will not only afford 

 you an abundance of fruit, but protect the trees in general, from the 

 power of tempestuous winds. A small quarter of the Orchard may be 

 allotted to filberts, mulberries, medlars, berberries, &c. and this is a 

 proper time for planting them. 



For the method of raising and propagating all kinds of fruit-trees, 

 Sec. see the Nursery for this and the preceding month ; and al&o 

 July. 



THE VINEYARD. 



THE VITIS VINIFERA, or common wine-yielding Vine, is a native 

 of the Warmer regions of Asia: it is found to be most successful in 

 the temperate climates, or between the 30th and 50th degrees of 

 north, and south latitudes. 



It is cultivated in the greatest perfection in the Island of Madeira 

 lat. 32 North ; and in every part of Europe as far north as the 

 fiftieth degree of latitude; also at the Cape of Good-Hope about lat. 

 33 50" South, as well as in every corresponding parallel, in Asia and 

 the civilized parts of Africa: yet there are people among us, who 

 seern to despair of its being possible to cultivate it successfully in the 

 United States, and who by this kind of despondency publicly ex- 



