JUNE.] FLOWER-GARDEN. 413 



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When the scarlet predominates, and is united with a paler colour, 

 or, as it sometimes happens, with a very deep purple upon a white 

 ground, it constitutes a scarlet JBizard, of which there are many "... 

 varieties, some richer and others paler in their colours, as is the 

 case with all the rest. 



Pink Bi-zardS) are so called when the pink abounds. Purple Bi~ 

 zards, when the purple abounds. Crimson Bizards^ consist of a 

 deep purple and rich pink. 



When the ipmkjtake is very high in colour, it is distinguished 

 by the appellation of the rosejiake; but there are some so nearly 

 in the medium between pink and scarlet, that it can scarcely be de- 

 fined to which class they belong. 



Propagating Carnations by Laying and Piping. 



When carnations, Sec. are propagated in the open air, by their 

 shoots or layers connected with the mother plant, the operation is 

 called laying ; but when they are propagated by cuttings, taken 

 from the original plant, and by the assistance of artificial means, 

 caused to strike root in a confined air, it is called piping them. 



The operation of laying, or piping, is to commence as soon as the 

 plants are in full bloom ; nevertheless, those who are particularly 

 desirous to preserve their bloom in the greatest perfection, may de- 

 fer it till the flowers are on the decline ; but others anxious to have 

 their plants strong and well rooted early in autumn, with a view 

 that the layers may be better prepared to endure the severities of the 

 ensuing winter, begin to lay at the commencement of the bloom ; 

 at which time, the plants being full of juices and vigour, the layers 

 are the better nourished and supported, and soon strike root : but 

 it must be allowed that the bloom is considerably impaired, by the 

 wounds inflicted in the operation, particularly so, when performed 

 in an early stage of it ; the old plants seldom survive, unless very 

 strong and sound, or some of the upper young shoots be left, such 

 as are too short to be laid with convenience, these will encourage 

 and continue the circulation of the juices if suffered to remain. 



Previous to entering on the operation of laying, you must be pro- 

 vided with a sufficient number of wooden or other pegs, each to be 

 about five or six inches long, and formed somewhat like the figure 

 7, that is, with a short hooked end. The operator should likewise 

 be provided with a table on which to place the pots, for the greater 

 convenience in the examination, dressing, and laying of the shoots, 

 also with a sharp pen-knife, and some fresh compost earth. 



The layer may be supposed to have four or five joints, more or 

 less ; the lower leaves next the root, are all to be cut-or stripped off 

 close, to within two or three joints of the extremity of the layer, 

 and its extreme points are to be shortened by cutting the tops off 

 with the knife, so as to leave them only an inch and a half, or two 

 inches in length, from the joint whence they proceed. 



All the layers in the pots are to be thus treated or prepared be- 

 fore any further procedure be made ; the surface of the earth is 

 then to be cleared of what have fallen on it, and should be stirred up 



