OCT.] THE FRUIT-GARDEN. 515 



of bean, sow carrot, parsnep, onion, parsley, and other hardy seeds ; 

 plant out cabbages, and also cauliflower plants ; but the cauli- 

 flowers, if the winter is any way severe, will require the protection 

 of hand glasses, oiled-paper caps, frames, or the like, as directed 

 in page 506. 



THE FRUIT-GARDEN. 



Gathering Winter Pears and Apples. 



GATHER your winter pears and apples as they ripen; but 

 for particulars, seethe article Orchard for this month. 



Priming. 



Towards the latter end of the month, you may begin to prune 

 such trees as have completely shed their leaves, but by no means 

 lay your knife to a tree, fora general pruning, till this is the case. 



In the middle states I would not recommend the pruning of 

 peach, nectarine, almond, and apricot trees, before the latter end of 

 February, nor in the eastern states before the first week in March ; 

 but they should not be much longer neglected. In the southern 

 states, they may be pruned at any time between the periods in 

 which they shed their leaves and the latter end of January. 



Apples, pears, plumbs and cherries, being perfectly hardy, may 

 be pruned, in any part of the United States, immediately after 

 they drop their leaves, or in November, December, or January, 

 8cc. But were it not on account of performing work, when it can 

 mast conveniently be done^ I would prefer early spring pruning of 

 all kinds of trees to any other, on account of the recent wounds, 

 healing and covering over with bark more immediately, when 

 vegetation soon follows, than those anteriorly inflicted. 



For the method of pruning the various kinds of wall and espa- 

 lier fruit-trees, &c. see page 15, 8cc. 



Planting Fruit -Trees. 



Towards the latter end of this month, you may safely transplant 

 most sorts of fruit-trees, but particularly such kinds as shall have 

 by that time shed their leaves. This may be done to advantage 

 during the entire of next month, if the season continues open, 

 provided the ground in which you plant be dry and docs not lodge 

 water in the winter months ; and likewise, that sufficient pains be 

 taken to make each tree fast in its place, by nailing or binding it 



