524 THE NURSERY. [OCT. 



Towards the latter end of the month take off such layers of the 

 preceding year as are well rooted, trim their stems, and plant 

 them in nursery-rows, or elsewhere as may be necessary. 



This is the best season to lay elms, limes, maples, and most 

 kinds of hardy forest-trees, and flowering-shrubs ; for the moisture 

 of the ground during winter, will prepare them for pushing out 

 roots early in the spring. 



Propagating Trees and Shrubs by Cuttings. 



This is a proper time to plant cuttings of all hardy trees and 

 shrubs, that will grow by that method, especially in the southern 

 states ; but it will be necessary to plant them where water does not 

 lodge iu winter. Poplars, willows, plane-trees, honeysuckles, &c. 

 will grow freely in this way ; but for more particulars, see page 282. 



Cuttings of all sorts planted a year ago, or last spring, that are 

 well rooted and have shot freely at top, may towards the latter end 

 of this month be transplanted, if necessary, into open nursery-rows, 

 to advance in growth and to have occasional training for the purpo- 

 ses intended. 



Sowing Haw and Holly JBerries, &c. 



In the southern states you may any time in this, or the three 

 ensuing months, if the ground is open, sow haw, holly, yew, and 

 rnezerion berries,'ash, hornbeam, and any other kind of seeds that 

 require a years previous preparation ; but in the middle states, I 

 would recommend to defer the sowing of these till the latter end 

 of February, or very early in March, and in the eastern states, 

 as soon in the latter month as possible. Indeed it would not be 

 wrong to defer the sowing of them, even in the southern states, 

 till January or February, according to the respective climates, 

 always endeavouring to sow them before they begin to vegetate. 



Observe that each kind has undergone a full years peparation, 

 previous to sowing, as directed in the Nursery for February, and 

 March) where you will 6nd ample instructions, for the cultivation 

 of these and many other kinds of trees and shrubs, and which I 

 would particularly recommend to your perusal at this time. 



Sowing Oak Acorns^ Chesnuts^ Walnuts^ Hickery^nuts, \3c. 



The best season in the year for sowing the acorns of every kind 

 of oak, is immediately after they fall from the trees ; for when kept 

 up much longer, especially in a dry state, they lose their vegetative 

 power. 



The only evils they have to encounter by sowing them at this 

 season are, the depredations of mice, rats, and squirrels, Sec. if these 

 animals can be caught, poisoned, or kept off by any means that 

 may be devised, the seeds should be sown immediately ; but if not, 

 it will be better to preserve them till the early spring months, in 

 sand or earth, or in moss, and although they will soon sprout, their 

 progress in vegetation before the opening of spring, will not be such 



